Cyproheptadine
- Atc Codes:R06AX02
- CAS Codes:41354-29-4#969-33-5#129-03-3
- PHARMGKB ID:41354-29-4#969-33-5#129-03-3
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Other genes that may be involved
- Substrate of
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Periactin; Bulgaria: Cyprotol; Czech Republic: Peritol; France: Periactine; Germany: Peritol; Hungary: Peritol; Italy: Periactin; Luxembourg: Periactin; Netherlands: Periactin; Poland: Peritol, Protadina; Romania: Biohept, Ciproheptadina, Peritol; Slovakia: Peritol; Spain: Periactin, Viternum; UK: Periactin.
North America
Canada: Cyproheptadine; USA: Cyproheptadine.
Latin America
Brazil: Periatin.
Asia
Japan: Cyproheptadine, Cypromin, Ifrasal, Periactin.
Drugs Combinations
Cyproheptadine: Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C); Calcium Lactate; Calcium Phosphate; Clonixin; Cobamamide; Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B~12~); Dexamethasone; Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D~2~); Ergotamine; Gentamicin; Ginkgo biloba; Hydrocortisone; Ketoconazole; Levoglutamina; Niacinamide; Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B~5~); Pyridoxine (Vitamin B~6~); Retinol (Vitamin A); Riboflavin (Vitamin B~2~); Thiamine (Vitamin B~1~)
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride: C~21~H~21~N HCl 1½H~2~O. Mw: 350.88. (1) Piperidine, 4-(5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-1-methyl-, hydrochloride, sesquihydrate; (2) 4-(5H-Dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-1-methylpiperidine hydrochloride sesquihydrate. CAS-41354-29-4; CAS-969-33-5 (anhydrous); CAS-129-03-3 (cyproheptadine).
Pharmacologic Category
First Generation Antihistamines; Histamine H~1~ Antagonist. (ATC-Code: R06AX02).
Mechanism of action
Potent histamine and serotonin antagonist properties. Competes with histamine for H~1~-receptor sites on effector cells in the GI tract, blood vessels, and respiratory tract. Has anticholinergic and sedative effects, and calcium-channel blocking activity.
Therapeutic use
Perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis. Other allergic symptoms including urticaria.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Reproduction studies in animals have not revealed evidence of harm to the fetus. No adequate studies developed in humans. Use during pregnancy only when clearly needed. It is not known whether cyproheptadine hydrochloride is distributed into milk.
Unlabeled use
Appetite stimulation, blepharospasm, cluster headaches, migraine headaches, Nelson’s syndrome, pruritus, schizophrenia, spinal cord damage-associated spasticity, and tardive dyskinesia.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to cyproheptadine or any component of the formulation. Narrow-angle glaucoma. Bladder neck obstruction. Symptomatic prostatic hyperplasia. Acute asthmatic attack. Stenosing peptic ulcer. GI tract obstruction. Concurrent use of MAO inhibitors. Avoid use in premature and term newborns (potential association with sudden infant death syndrome). Women who are breast-feeding. Debilitated geriatric patients.
Warnings and precautions
May cause CNS depression. Use with caution in the following cases: cardiovascular disease, increased intraocular pressure, asthma or other chronic breathing disorders, thyroid dysfunction, and the elderly. Effects may be potentiated when used with other sedative drugs or ethanol. Some case reports have described a weight gain in anorexic adults with cyproheptadine. Antihistamines may cause excitation in young children.