Lormetazepam
- Atc Codes:N05CD06
- CAS Codes:848-75-9
- PHARMGKB ID:848-75-9
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Toxicological Effects
- Genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Noctamid; Belgium: Doclormeta, Loramet, Loranka, Lormetamed, Lormetazepam, Metatop, Noctacalm, Noctamid, Sedaben, Stilaze; Cyprus: Noctamid; Denmark: Noctamide, Pronoctan; France: Noctamide; Germany: Ergocalm, Loretam, Lormetazepam, Noctamid, Noctamide, Sedalam, Sedalon, Sedalor; Hungary: Noctamide; Ireland: Noctamid; Italy: Axilium, Lormetazepam, Luzul, Minias, Noctamide; Malta: Noctamid; Netherlands: Lormetazepam, Noctamid; Poland: Noctofer; Spain: Aldosomnil, Lormetazepam, Noctamid.
Asia
Japan: Evamyl, Loramet, Noctamide.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Lormetazepam: C~16~H~12~Cl~2~N~2~O~2~. Mw: 335.18. (1) 2H-1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-one, 7-chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-; (2) 7-Chloro-5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-2H-1,4-benzodizepin-2-one. CAS-848-75-9 (1980).
Pharmacologic Category
Anxiolytics, Sedatives, and Hypnotics; Benzodiazepines. (ATC-Code: N05CD06).
Mechanism of action
Has high affinity for specific binding sites in CNS. These benzodiazepine receptors display close functional relationship to receptors of inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). As a benzodiazepine receptor agonist, lormetazepam reinforces GABA-ergic inhibition of activity of distal neurons. This effect becomes pharmacologically manifest in the form of anxiolytic, anticonvulsive, muscle-relaxing and sedative-hypnotic effects.
Therapeutic use
Insomnia. Lormetazepam shortens sleep latency, reduces frequency of nocturnal arousals and prolongs sleep duration without contributing to undesired sedation or reduced performance on day after use. Anxiety disorders. Anxiolytic and muscle-relaxing effects can be exploited pre- and post-operatively. Only indicated when disorder is severe, disabling or subjecting individual to extreme distress.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Do not use during pregnancy, delivery and lactation.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Myasthenia gravis, hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines or to any of the excipients, severe respiratory insufficiency (e.g. severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and sleep apnea syndrome. Acute intoxication with alcohol, hypnotics, analgesics or psychotropic medicines (neuroleptics, antidepressants, lithium).
Warnings and precautions
Not recommended for primary treatment of psychotic illness. Should not be used alone for treatment of sleep disorder associated with depression. Pre-existing depression may be unmasked during benzodiazepine use. Suicide may be precipitated in such patients. Lower dose also recommended in chronic respiratory insufficiency due to risk of respiratory depression. Use of lormetazepam and other benzodiazepines may lead to development of physical and psychological dependence upon these products. Risk of dependence increases with dose and duration of treatment; also greater in history of alcohol or drug abuse (use extreme caution). Once physical dependence has developed, abrupt termination of treatment will be accompanied by withdrawal symptoms (it is recommended that dosage is gradually decreased). Rebound insomnia may occur on withdrawal of treatment. Reactions like restlessness, agitation, irritability, aggressiveness, delusion, rages, nightmares, hallucinations, psychoses, inappropriate, abnormal behavior and other adverse behavioral effects are known to occur when using benzodiazepines. Should this occur, use should be discontinued. These reactions are more likely to occur in children and the elderly, as well as in organic brain syndrome.