Lidocaine
- Atc Codes:C01BB01#C05AD01#D04AB01#N01BB02#R02AD02#S01HA07#S02DA01
- CAS Codes:137-58-6#6108-05-0#73-78-9
- PHARMGKB ID:137-58-6#6108-05-0#73-78-9
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Other genes that may be involved
- Substrate of
- Inhibits
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Dolocupin, Xylocain; Belgium: Lidocain, Otipax, Otocalmine, Versatis, Xylocaine, Xylocard; Bulgaria: Lidocain; Cyprus: Anodesyn, Doxiproct, Lidocaine, Lidoject, Lignospan, Trachilid; Czech Republic: Dobexil, Doxiproct, Lidocain, Xylocaine; Denmark: Lidokain, Xylocain; Estonia: Trachilid, Xylocaine; Finland: Lidocain, Lidocard. Xylocain; France: Dynexan, Xylocaine; Germany: Dolocupin, Dynexan Mundgel, Gelicain, Heweneural, Licain, Lidesthesin, Lidocain, Lidocan, Lidocard, Lidoject, Lidoposterine, Lignocaine, Nolaid, Orgasmus-Stopper, Osmotipax, Tonsisan, Versatis, Xylocain, Xylocitin; Greece: Lidoderm, Versatis, Xylocaine, Xylozan; Hungary: Lidocain; Ireland: Lidocaine, Lignocaine, Xylocaine; Italy: Xylocaina; Latvia: Lidocain, Lidocaine, Trachilid; Lithuania: Lidocaine; Luxembourg: Dentinox, Lidocain, Lidocainhydrochlorid, Otoralgyl, Xylocaine, Xylocard; Malta: Lidocaine, Xylocaine; Netherlands: Lidocaine, Xylocaine; Poland: Kamistad, Lidocain, Lidodent, Lidoposterin, Lignocain, Lignocainum, Lignox, Xylocaine; Portugal: Lambdalina, Lidocaina, Lidoject, Lidonostrum, Lincaina, Xilonibsa, Xylocaina; Romania: Lidocaina, Xilina; Slovenia: Lidokain, Trachisan, Versatis, Xylocaine; Spain: Clorhid Lidoca, Dermovagisil, Lidocaína, Xilocaína, Xilonibsa; Sweden: Lidokain, Versatis, Xylocain; UK: Boots Pharmacy Anaesthetic Throat Spray, Lidocaine, Versatis, Xylocaine.
North America
Canada: Aftersun, Afterburn, Band-Aid, Betacaine, Bikini Zone, Burn Cream, Lidocaine, Lidodan, Lidomax, Lidoderm, Safetec, Solarcaine, Stud, Water-Jel Burn, Xylocaine, Xylocard; USA: Akten, Anestacon, Laryng-O-Jet, Lidocaine, Lidoderm, Lidopen, Lta, Xylocaine.
Latin America
Argentina: Gobbicaína Jalea, Gobbicaína sin Epinefrina, Indican, Lafecaína, Larjancaina, Lidanest, Lidocaína, LMX, Regiocaína, Solvente Indoloro, Xylocaína; Brazil: Dermomax, Gel-Lido, Lidial, Lidocabbott, Lidoflex, Lidocaína, Lidoflex, Lidogel, Lidospray, Lidoston, Xylestesin, Xylocaina; Mexico: Hipoden, Pharmacaine, Pisacaína, Sunicaine, Undorlan, Unicaine, Uvega.
Asia
Japan: Anetocaine, Freedocaine, Lidocaine, Lidoquick, Medcaine, Olives, Partran, Penles, Xylocaine, Youpatch.
Drug combinations
Lidocaine and Acetaminophen
Lidocaine and Bupivacaine
Lidocaine and Cetylpyridinium
Lidocaine and Dexamethasone
Lidocaine and Ephedrine
Lidocaine and Epinephrine
Lidocaine and Fluocinolone
Lidocaine and Fluocinonide
Lidocaine and Hyaluronidase
Lidocaine and Hydrocortisone
Lidocaine and Methylprednisolone
Lidocaine and Norepinephrine
Lidocaine and Prednisolone
Lidocaine and Prilocaine
Lidocaine and Tetracaine
Lidocaine and Triamcinolone
Lidocaine and Zinc Oxide
Lidocaine, Antipyrine, and Naphazoline
Lidocaine, Bismuth, and Fluocinolone
Lidocaine, Ciprofloxacin, and Hydrocortisone
Lidocaine, Hyaluronidase, and Neomycin
Lidocaine, Boric Acid, Hydrocortisone, and Zinc Oxide
Lidocaine, Dexamethasone, Neomycin, and Polymyxin B
Lidocaine, Fludrocortisone, Neomycin, and Polymyxin B
Lidocaine, Hydrocortisone, Neomycin, and Retinol (Vitamin A)
Lidocaine, Hydrocortisone, Phenylephrine, and Tetracaine
Lidocaine, Dexamethasone, Metronidazole, Neomycin, and Nystatin
Lidocaine, Aluminum Glycinate, Diazepam, Dicyclomine, Magnesium Oxide, and Simethicone
Other Lidocaine combinations: Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B~12~); Thiamine (Vitamin B~1~)
Chemistry
Lidocaine: C~14~H~22~N~2~O. Mw: 234.34. (1) Acetamide, 2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-; (2) 2-(Diethylamino)-2′,6′-acetoxylidide. CAS-137-58-6.
Lidocaine Hydrochloride: C~14~H~22~N~2~O HCl H~2~O. Mw: 288.81. 2-(Diethylamino)-2′,6′-acetoxylidide monohydrochloride monohydrate. CAS-6108-05-0; CAS-73-78-9 (anhydrous).
Pharmacologic Category
Class Ib Antiarrhythmics. Local Anesthetics. (ATC-Code: C01BB01; C05AD01; D04AB01; N01BB02; R02AD02; S01HA07; S02DA01).
Mechanism of action
Suppresses automaticity of conduction tissue, by increasing electrical stimulation threshold of ventricle, His-Purkinje system, and spontaneous depolarization of ventricles during diastole by direct action on tissues.
Therapeutic use
Local anesthetic and acute treatment of ventricular arrhythmias (such as from myocardial infarction or cardiac manipulation).
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Unlabeled use
Stable monomorphic VT (preserved ventricular function), polymorphic VT (preserved ventricular function), drug-induced monomorphic VT.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to lidocaine or any component of the formulation. Hypersensitivity to another local anesthetic of the amide type. Adam-Stokes syndrome. Severe degrees of SA, AV, or intraventricular heart block (except in patients with functioning artificial pacemaker). Use in allergy to corn-related products (premixed injection may contain corn-derived dextrose).
Warnings and precautions
Use extreme caution in severe hepatic dysfunction, or in pseudocholinesterase deficiency (increased risk of lidocaine toxicity). Do not administer intravascularly. Solutions containing antimicrobial preservatives should not be used for epidural or spinal anesthesia. Some solutions contain bisulfite. Do not apply intradermally to body orifices or mucous membranes. Use caution in bleeding tendencies or platelet disorders (increased risk of superficial dermal bleeding). Use caution when administered intravenously in hepatic impairment, any degree of heart block, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, heart failure, marked hypoxia, severe respiratory depression, hypovolemia, history of malignant hyperthermia, or shock. The elderly may be prone to increased CNS and cardiovascular side-effects. Prolonged ophthalmic use may cause permanent corneal ulceration and/or opacification with loss of vision. Potentially life-threatening side-effects (e.g. irregular heart beat, seizures, coma, respiratory depression, death) occurred when used topically prior to cosmetic procedures.