Magnesium Sulfate
- Atc Codes:A06AD04#A12CC02#B05XA05#D11AX05#V04CC02
- CAS Codes:10034-99-8#7487-88-9
- PHARMGKB ID:10034-99-8#7487-88-9
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Cormagnesin; Bulgaria: Cormagnesin; Cyprus: Magnesium Sulfate; Finland: Addex-Magnesiumsulfaatti; France: Spasmag, Sulfate de Magnesium; Germany: Cormagnesin, Magnesiumsulfat, Magneven; Greece: Magnesium Sulfate; Hungary: Cormagnesin, Magnesium Sulfuricum; Ireland: Magnesium Sulphate; Italy: Magne So; Malta: Magnesium Sulphate; Netherlands: Magnesiumsulfaat; Poland: Magnezu Siarczan; Portugal: Sulfato de Magnésio; Slovakia: Magnesium Sulfuricum; Sweden: Addex-Magnesium; UK: Epsom Salts, Magnesium Sulphate.
North America
Canada: Spasmag; USA: Magnesium Sulfate.
Latin America
Argentina: Sulfato de Magnesio; Brazil: Sulfato de Magnésio; Mexico: Ifupeptol Magnesiado.
Asia
Japan: Conclyte-Mg.
Drugs Combinations
Magnesium Sulfate: Calcium Lactate; Potassium Sulfate, Riboflavin (Vitamin B~2~); Sodium Acetate; Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Sulfate
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Magnesium Sulfate: MgSO~4~. 7H~2~O. Mw: 246.47. Sulfuric acid magnesium salt (1:1), heptahydrate. CAS-10034-99-8; CAS-7487-88-9 (anhydrous).
Pharmacologic Category
Anticonvulsants, Miscellaneous. Antidotes. Replacement Preparations; Electrolyte Solutions. Parenteral Electrolyte Supplement. Nutritional Supplements. Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents, Miscellaneous. Cathartics and Laxatives; Hyperosmotic Laxatives. Magnesium Salt. (ATC-Code: A06AD04; A12CC02; A12CC02; B05XA05; D11AX05; V04CC02).
Mechanism of action
Promotes bowel evacuation by causing osmotic retention of fluid which distends colon with increased peristaltic activity (oral use). Decreases acetylcholine in motor nerve terminals and acts on myocardium by slowing rate of S-A node impulse formation and prolonging conduction time (parenteral use). Magnesium necessary for movement of calcium, sodium, and potassium in and out of cells, as well as stabilizing excitable membranes.
Therapeutic use
Treatment and prevention of hypomagnesemia. Prevention and treatment of seizures in severe pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, pediatric acute nephritis. Torsade de pointes. Treatment of cardiac arrhythmias caused by hypomagnesemia.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Magnesium crosses placenta. Magnesium sulfate used during pregnancy for treatment of eclampsia and severe pre-eclampsia. Magnesium found in breast milk.
Unlabeled use
Asthma exacerbation (life-threatening).
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to any component of the formulation. Heart block. Myocardial damage.
Warnings and precautions
Use with extreme caution in myasthenia gravis or other neuromuscular disease. Use with caution in renal impairment (accumulation of magnesium might lead to magnesium intoxication). Solutions might contain aluminum (toxic levels might occur following prolonged administration in premature neonates or renal impairment). Electrolyte abnormalities (hypokalemia or hypocalcemia) can accompany magnesium deficit. Hypomagnesemia frequently associated with hypokalemia. Magnesium toxicity can lead to fatal cardiovascular arrest and/or respiratory paralysis.