Amobarbital
- Atc Codes:N05CA02
- CAS Codes:57-43-2#64-43-7
- PHARMGKB ID:57-43-2#64-43-7
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Induces
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Greece: Amytal; Romania: Amital.
North America
Canada: Amytal; USA: Amytal.
Asia
Japan: Isomytal.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Amobarbital: C~11~H~18~N~2~O~3~. Mw: 226.27. (1) 2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-Pyrimidinetrione, 5-ethyl-5-(3-methylbutyl)-; (2) 5-Ethyl-5-isopentylbarbituric acid. CAS-57-43-2.
Amobarbital Sodium: C~11~H~17~N~2~NaO~3~. Mw: 248.25. Sodium 5-ethyl-5-isopentylbarbiturate. CAS-64-43-7.
Pharmacologic Category
Anxiolytics, Sedatives, and Hypnotics; Barbiturates. (ATC-Code: N05CA02).
Mechanism of action
Interferes with transmission of impulses resulting in an imbalance in central inhibitory and facilitatory mechanisms.
Therapeutic use
Short-term treatment of insomnia (hypnotic). Reduction of anxiety. Preoperative sedation.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Teratogenic effects have been reported. Caution during lactation.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to barbiturates or any component of the formulation. Marked hepatic impairment. Dyspnea or airway obstruction. Porphyria.
Warnings and precautions
May cause CNS depression (may impair physical or mental abilities). Hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis, angioedema). May cause paradoxical responses (agitation and hyperactivity) particularly in acute pain, chronic pain and pediatric patients. Risk for hazardous sleep-related activities with sedative-hypnotic medications. Caution in cardiovascular disease (may cause hypotension), depression or suicidal tendencies, history of drug abuse or acute alcoholism (drug dependency exists), hepatic impairment (contraindicated in severe impairment) or in renal impairment. When used with other sedative drugs or ethanol, effects may be potentiated. Not recommended for use in the elderly. Extravasation may cause local tissue damage (alkaline solution for injection). Respiratory depression, apnea, and hypotension (with rapid I.V. administration). Gradual withdrawal recommended.