Calcium Chloride
- Atc Codes:A12AA07#B05XA07#G04BA03
- CAS Codes:10035-04-8#10043-52-4
- PHARMGKB ID:10035-04-8#10043-52-4
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Cyprus: Calcium Chloride; Germany: Calciumchlorid; Ireland: Calcium Chloride; Italy: Calc CL; Malta: Calcium Chloride; UK: Calcium Chloride.
North America
Canada: Calcium Chloride; USA: Calcium Chloride.
Latin America
Argentina: Cloruro de Calcio.
Asia
Japan: Calcium Chloride, Conclyte-Ca.
Drug combinations
Calcium Chloride: Acetylcysteine; Aprotinin; Arginine, Alanine; Calcium Citrate; Calcium Lactate; Dextrose; Fibrinogen; Glycine; Lactic Acid; L-Histidine; L-Isoleucine; L-Leucine; L-Lysine; L-Proline; L-Triptophan; L-Valine; Magnesium Chloride; Methionine; Phenylalanine; Potassium Chloride; Potassium Phosphate; Sodium Acetate; Sodium Bicarbonate; Sodium Chloride; Sodium Citrate; Sodium Iodide; Sodium Lactate; Sodium Phosphate; Soybean Oil; Threonine; Thrombin
Chemistry
Calcium Chloride: CaCl~2~ 2H~2~O. Mw: 147.01. Calcium chloride dihydrate. CAS-10035-04-8; CAS-10043-52-4 (anhydrous).
Pharmacologic Category
Replacement Preparations. Phosphate-removing Agents. Antidotes. Calcium Salts. (ATC-Code: A12AA07; B05XA07; G04BA03).
Mechanism of action
Calcium moderates nerve and muscle performance via action potential excitation threshold regulation. It is necessary for maintaining the functional integrity of nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems and cell-membrane and capillary permeability.
Therapeutic use
Acute symptomatic hypocalcemia. Cardiac disturbances of hyperkalemia or hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemic tetany. Severe hypermagnesemia.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Unlabeled use
Calcium channel blocker overdose. Severe hyperkalemia (K^+^ >7 mEq/L with toxic ECG changes). Malignant arrhythmias associated with hypermagnesemia.
Contraindications
Hypercalcemia, known or suspected digoxin toxicity. Do not use as routine treatment in cardiac arrest (includes asystole, ventricular fibrillation, pulseless ventricular tachycardia, or pulseless electrical activity).
Warnings and precautions
Use with caution in the following cases: respiratory acidosis, renal impairment, respiratory failure (acidifying effect of calcium chloride may potentiate acidosis), severe hyperphosphatemia (elevated levels of phosphorus and calcium may result in soft tissue and pulmonary arterial calcium-phosphate precipitation), severe hypokalemia (acute rises in serum calcium levels may result in life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias), chronic renal failure (to avoid hypercalcemia), or digitalized patients (hypercalcemia may precipitate cardiac arrhythmias). Solutions may contain aluminum (toxic levels may occur following prolonged administration in premature neonates or renal impairment). Avoid use in metabolic acidosis. Use I.V. only (do not inject SubQ or I.M). Avoid rapid I.V. administration (avoid extravasation). May produce increased serum calcium.