Calcium Gluconate

Table of contents

  • Brand Names
  • Drug Combinations
  • Chemistry
  • Pharmacologic Category
  • Mechanism of Action
  • Therapeutic Use
  • Unlabeled Use
  • Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
  • Contraindications
  • Warnings and Precautions
  • Adverse Reactions
  • Genes that may be involved
  • Drug Interactions
  • Dosage
  • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
  • Special Considerations

Brand Names

Europe

Austria: Calciumgluconat; Cyprus: Calcium Gluconate; France: Gluconate de Calcium B Braun; Germany: Calciumgluconat; Hungary: Calcimusc; Latvia: Calcii gluconas; Poland: Calcium Gluconicum; UK: Calcium Gluconate.

North America

USA: Cal-G, Cal-GLU.

Latin America

Argentina: Gluconato de Calcio.

Asia

Japan: Calcicol.

Drug combinations

Calcium Gluconate: Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C); Boric Acid; Calcium Chloride; Calcium Citrate; Calcium Lactate; Calcium Lactobionate; Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D~2~); Iron (II) Gluconate; Magnesium Acetate; Magnesium Chloride; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sorbitol

Chemistry

Calcium Gluconate: C~12~H~22~CaO~14~. Mw: 430.37. D-Gluconic acid, calcium salt (2:1). CAS-299-28-5 (anhydrous); CAS-526-95-4 (D-gluconic acid).

Pharmacologic Category

Replacement Preparations. Phosphate-removing Agents. Antidotes. Calcium Salts. (ATC-Code: A12AA03; D11AX03).

Mechanism of action

Calcium moderates nerve and muscle performance via action potential excitation threshold regulation. It helps to prevent or decrease the rate of bone loss.

Therapeutic use

Hypocalcemia. Tetany, cardiac disturbances of hyperkalemia, cardiac resuscitation when epinephrine fails to improve myocardial contractions, hypocalcemia. Calcium supplementation.

Pregnancy and lactiation implications

Reproduction studies not completed. Enters breast milk. Endogenous calcium is excreted in breast milk.

Unlabeled use

Calcium channel blocker overdose. Hydrofluoric acid burns.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to calcium gluconate or any component of the formulation. Ventricular fibrillation during cardiac resuscitation. Digitalis toxicity or suspected digoxin toxicity. Hypercalcemia.

Warnings and precautions

May produce cardiac arrest. Constipation, bloating, and gas are common with oral calcium supplements (especially carbonate salt). Use with caution in the following cases: digitalized patients (hypercalcemia may precipitate cardiac arrhythmias), respiratory acidosis, renal impairment, or respiratory failure (acidifying effect of calcium chloride may potentiate acidosis), severe hyperphosphatemia. Use caution when administering calcium supplements to patients with history of kidney stones or renal failure. Calcium administration interferes with absorption of some minerals and drugs. It is recommended to administer vitamin D concomitantly for optimal calcium absorption. Taking oral calcium (≤500 mg) with food improves absorption. Solutions may contain aluminum (risk of toxicity following prolonged administration in premature neonates or renal impairment). May produce increased serum calcium determinations. May produce decreased serum magnesium determinations.

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