Chlordiazepoxide
- Atc Codes:N05BA02
- CAS Codes:438-41-5#58-25-3
- PHARMGKB ID:438-41-5#58-25-3
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Substrate of
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Bulgaria: Elenium; Czech Republic: Elenium; Denmark: Klopoxid, Risolid; Finland: Risolid; Germany: Librium, Multun, Radepur; Greece: Oasil-Gap; Hungary: Chlordiazepoxid, Elenium, Librium; Ireland: Librium, Rima 10 Chlordiazepoxide; Latvia: Elenium; Malta: Librium; Poland: Elenium; Portugal: Paxium; Slovakia: Elenium; Spain: Huberplex, Omnalio; UK: Librium.
North America
Canada: Chlordiazepoxide; USA: Librium.
Latin America
Argentina: O.C.M.; Brazil: Psicosedin.
Asia
Japan: Balance, Consun, Contol, Risachief.
Drug combinations
Chlordiazepoxide and Amitriptyline
Chlordiazepoxide and Clidinium
Chlordiazepoxide and Methscopolamine
Chemistry
Chlordiazepoxide Hydrochloride: C~16~H~14~ClN~3~O HCl. Mw: 336.22. (1) 3H-1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-amine, 7-chloro-N-methyl-5-phenyl-, 4-oxide, monohydrochloride; (2) 7-Chloro-2-(methylamino)-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide monohydrochloride. CAS-438-41-5; CAS-58-25-3 (chlordiazepoxide)(1963).
Pharmacologic Category
Anxiolytics, Sedatives, and Hypnotics; Benzodiazepines. (ATC-Code: N05BA02).
Mechanism of action
Increases the inhibitory effect of GABA on neuronal excitability by enhancing neuronal membrane permeability to chloride ions, thus resulting in hyperpolarization and stabilization.
Therapeutic use
Anxiety disorder. Withdrawal symptoms of acute alcoholism. Preoperative apprehension and anxiety.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Risk of congenital malformations after use during the 1^st^ trimester of pregnancy. Use of anxiolytics during the 1^st^ trimester should almost always be avoided. Not recommended in nursing women.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to chlordiazepoxide or any component of the formulation (cross-sensitivity with other benzodiazepines). Narrow-angle glaucoma. Pregnancy.
Warnings and precautions
Benzodiazepines have been associated with anterograde amnesia. May cause CNS depression (caution in patients receiving other CNS depressants or psychoactive medication). Effects with other sedative drugs or ethanol may be potentiated. Parenteral administration should be avoided in comatose patients or shock. Paradoxical reactions, including hyperactive or aggressive behavior, reported with benzodiazepines, particularly in adolescent/pediatric or psychiatric patients. Caution in depression, particularly if suicidal risk. Potential for drug dependency. Tolerance, psychological and physical dependence may occur with prolonged use. Use with caution in hepatic/renal impairment, impaired gag reflux, porphyria, respiratory disease, debilitated patients, and in the elderly (benzodiazepines have been associated with falls and traumatic injury). Use with extreme caution in patients who are at risk of falls and in children. Rebound or withdrawal symptoms may occur following abrupt discontinuation or large decreases in dose.