Chlorhexidine Gluconate
- Atc Codes:A01AB03#B05CA02#D08AC02#D09AA12#R02AA05#S01AX09#S03AA04
- CAS Codes:18472-51-0#55-56-1
- PHARMGKB ID:18472-51-0#55-56-1
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Belgium: Astrexine, Cedium Chlorhexidine, Hansamedic, Hibidil, Hibiscrub, Hibitane, Medisepta, Mefren, Stericlon; Bulgaria: Corsodyl, Hexisept, Septadin; Cyprus: Chlorhexidine Gluconate; Czech Republic: Chlorhexidine Digluconate, Corsodyl, Cyteal, Drill, Septofort; Denmark: Hexokain, Hibitane, Periochip; Estonia: Corsodyl; Finland: Corsodyl, Klorhexol Väritön, Meridol Perio CHX, Periochip, Travahex; France: Baseal, Biorgasept, Cetavlex Aqueux, Collunovar, Corsodyl, Diaseptyl, Dosiseptine, Euraxsepti, Exoseptoplix, Gluconate de Chlorhexidine Cristers, Hibidil, Hibiscrub, Paroex, Plurexid, Prexidine, Septeal, Septivon; Germany: Chlorhexamed, Chlorhexidin, Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Cidegol C, Corsodyl, Dentosmin P, Dynexan Proaktiv, Frubilurgyl, Hansaplast med Spray, Lemocin CX, Meridol med CHX, Periochip, Profilac-Germstop; Greece: Hibitane, Lifo-Scrub; Hungary: Dermobacter, Septofort; Ireland: Cepton Medicated, Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Corsodyl, Eludril, Hibiscrub, Hibisol, Hibitane, Hydrex Surgical Scrub, Periochip, Prevora Stage; Italy: Broxodin, Clorex G, Clorexan, Clorexidina, Clorexifarm, Clorosan, Corsodyl, Ekuba, Golasan-Dynacren, Neomercurocromobianco, Plak Out; Latvia: Corsodyl, Hexicon; Malta: Hibiscrub, Hibisol; Netherlands: Chloorhexidinedigluconaat, Corsodyl, Hibiscrub, Periochip; Poland: Abacil, Chlorhexidine Digluconate, Flex Care, Manusan; Portugal: Alospray, Corsodyl, Handscrub, Hibitane, Lifo-scrub, Periochip, Periogard; Romania: Corsodyl; Slovakia: Corsodyl, Drill, Septofort; Slovenia: Angal, Corsodyl; Spain: Cristalmina, Curafil, Cuvefilm, Deratin, Hibimax, Hibiscrub, Menalmina; Sweden: Corsodyl, Desivon, Hibiscrub, Hibitane, Klorhexidine, Periochip; UK: Corsodyl, Eludril, Hibiscrub, Hibisol, Hibitane, Savlon Antiseptic Wound Wash.
North America
Canada: Antiseptic Body Cleanser, BactoShield CHG, Baxedin, Bioson, Chlorhexidine, Chlorhexseptic, Dexidin, Endure, E-Z Scrub, ORO-Clense, Perichlor, Peridex; USA: Avagard, BactoShield CHG, Chlorhexidine, Hibiclens, Hibistat, Peridex, PerioChip, PerioGard.
Latin America
Argentina: Acipoun Oral, Biguanex, Bucogel, Clorhexidina, Elugel, Hexil-P, Hibiscrub, Laclorhex, Periodent, Pervinox Incoloro, Plac-Out; Brazil: Asseptic, Hibitane, Marclorhex, Noplak.
Asia
Japan: Acesclean, Allcut, Benclosid, Chlohexin, Chohexscrub, Chlorhexidine, Clegen, Clobain A, Fermajin, Fermascrub, Gluchlo, Glucodine, Glucoxidine, Hevic, Hexidine E, Hexizac, Hibidil, Hibiscohol, Hibiscrub, Hibisoft, Iwacohol, Maskin, Microshield, Neostericlon R, Rapotec, Scrubeing, Stericlon, Wellmatch, Wellup.
Drug combinations
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Alcohol
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Benzalconium
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Benzocaine
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Calcium Carbonate
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Cetrimonium
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Cetylpyridinium
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Chlorobutanol
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Dexpanthenol
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Lidocaine
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Miconazole
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Pramoxine
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Sodium Fluoride
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Tetracaine
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Tolnaftate
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Triamcinolone
Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Xylitol
Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Dexamethasone, and Nystatin
Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Pramoxine, and Zinc Oxide
Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Benzalkonium Chloride, Diphenhydramine, Hydrocortisone, and Salicylate
Chemistry
Chlorhexidine Gluconate: C~22~H~30~Cl~2~N~10~ 2C~6~H~12~O~7~. Mw: 897.76. (1) 2,4,11,13-etraazatetradecanediimidamide, N,N»-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-, di-D-gluconate; (2) 1,1′-Hexamethylenebis[5-(p-chlorophenyl)biguanide] di-D-gluconate. CAS-18472-51-0; CAS-55-56-1 (chlorhexidine)(1977).
Pharmacologic Category
EENT Anti-infectives, Miscellaneous. Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents; Local Anti-infectives, Miscellaneous (Topical). (ATC-Code: A01AB03; B05CA02; D08AC02; D09AA12; R02AA05; S01AX09; S03AA04).
Mechanism of action
A cationic polybiguanide with antiseptic and antimicrobial action. At physiologic pH, chlorhexidine salts dissociate, releasing a positively charged component. The cationic compound is adsorbed onto negatively-charged cell surfaces of susceptible organisms, with specific and strong adsorption to certain phosphate-containing compounds. Integrity of the cell membrane is disrupted, resulting in increased permeability. It is active against some aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Also has some activity against Chlamydia trachomatis, certain fungi, and certain viruses, but is inactive against mycobacteria.
Therapeutic use
Skin cleanser for surgical scrub, cleanser for skin wounds, preoperative skin preparation, germicidal hand rinse. Antibacterial dental rinse.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
There are no adequate studies to date on use of chlorhexidine gluconate in pregnant women, and subgingival chlorhexidine gluconate and chlorhexidine gluconate topical oral solution should be used during pregnancy only when clearly needed. Caution if used in nursing women.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine gluconate or any component. Should not be used as a preoperative skin preparation of the face or head (serious, permanent eye injury has occurred when chlorhexidine gluconate enters and remains in the eye during surgery).
Warnings and precautions
Staining of oral surfaces (mucosa, teeth, tooth restorations, dorsum of tongue) may occur. For topical use only. Avoid application over large surfaces or into open wounds. Case reports of anaphylaxis following chlorhexidine disinfection. Not for preoperative preparation of face or head. Avoid contact with meninges (do not use on lumbar puncture sites). Solutions may be flammable (contain isopropyl alcohol). Avoid use in children <2 months of age due to increased absorption and/or irritation.