Cysteamine (Mercaptamine)
- Atc Codes:A16AA04
- CAS Codes:60-23-1#156-57-0
- PHARMGKB ID:60-23-1#156-57-0
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Cystagon; Belgium: Cystagon; Bulgaria: Cystagon; Czech Republic: Cystagon; Denmark: Cystagon; Estonia: Cystagon; Finland: Cystagon; France: Cystagon; Germany: Cystagon; Greece: Cystagon; Hungary: Cystagon; Ireland: Cystagon; Italy: Cystagon; Latvia: Cystagon; Lithuania: Cystagon; Luxembourg: Cystagon; Malta: Cystagon; Netherlands: Cystagon; Poland: Cystagon; Portugal: Cystagon; Romania: Cystagon; Slovakia: Cystagon; Slovenia: Cystagon; Spain: Cystagon; Sweden: Cystagon; UK: Cystagon.
North America
USA: Cystagon.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Cysteamine: C~2~H~7~NS. Mw: 77.15. Ethanethiol, 2-amino-. CAS-60-23-1 (1990).
Cysteamine Hydrochloride: C~2~H~7~NS HCl. Mw: 113.61. 2-Aminoethanethiol hydrochloride. CAS-156-57-0 (1991).
Pharmacologic Category
Other Miscellaneous Therapeutic Agents. Anticystine Agent. Urinary Tract Product. (ATC-Code: A16AA04).
Mechanism of action
Reacts with cystine in the lysosome converting it into cysteine and a cysteine-cysteamine mixed disulfide, both of which can then exit the lysosome in cystinosis.
Therapeutic use
Nephropathic cystinosis.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Use only when potential benefits outweigh potential hazards to the fetus. In animal studies, cysteamine is teratogenic and fetotoxic. There are no adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Excretion in breast milk unknown.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to cysteamine, penicillamine, or any component of the formulation.
Warnings and precautions
Osteopenia, compression fractures, scoliosis, and genu valgum, accompanied by leg pain and joint hyperextension may occur with higher doses. May impair mental alertness. Withhold if a mild-to-moderate rash develops. Do not rechallenge with severe skin rash. Skin lesions, appearing as hemorrhagic lesions, molluscoid pseudotumors or skin striae reported with higher doses. GI ulcers and bleeding reported. May cause reversible leukopenia. May cause abnormal liver functions. Intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri) and/or papilloedema reported.