Desflurane

Table of contents

  • Brand Names
  • Chemistry
  • Pharmacologic Category
  • Therapeutic Use
  • Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
  • Contraindications
  • Warnings and Precautions
  • Adverse Reactions
  • Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
  • Substrate of
  • Drug Interactions
  • Dosage
  • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
  • Special Considerations

Brand Names

Europe

Austria: Suprane; Cyprus: Suprane; Czech Republic: Suprane; Denmark: Suprane; Estonia: Suprane; Finland: Suprane; France: Suprane; Germany: Suprane; Greece: Suprane; Hungary: Suprane; Ireland: Suprane; Italy: Suprane; Luxembourg: Suprane; Netherlands: Suprane; Poland: Suprane; Portugal: Suprane; Romania: Suprane; Slovakia: Suprane; Spain: Suprane; Sweden: Suprane.

North America

Canada: Suprane; USA: Suprane.

Latin America

Argentina: Suprane.

Drug combinations

Chemistry

Desflurane: C~3~H~2~F~6~O. Mw: 168.04. (1) Ethane, 2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-, (±)-; (2)(±)-2-Difluoromethyl 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether. CAS-57041-67-5 (1990).

Pharmacologic Category

General Anesthetics, Miscellaneous; Inhalation. (ATC-Code: N01AB07).

Mechanism of action

Therapeutic use

Induction and maintenance of general anesthesia (adults) and maintenance of anesthesia (intubated children). Since desflurane has the lowest fat-to-blood solubility of the inhaled anesthetics, it may be useful in obese patients who are undergoing anesthesia for longer procedures (>2 hours).

Pregnancy and lactiation implications

No adverse events in animal studies. There are no adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Due to rapid washout, desflurane levels in milk most probably have no clinical importance 24 hours after anesthesia.

Unlabeled use

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to desflurane, other halogenated anesthetic agents, or any component of the formulation. History of malignant hyperthermia.

Warnings and precautions

May decrease hepatic and/or renal blood flow. May cause sensitivity hepatitis in sensitized patients. Associated with hyperkalemia (risk is increased in pediatric patients with underlying neuromuscular disease (e.g. duchenne muscular dystrophy)). May elevate CPK and myoglobinuria. May increase intracranial pressure. May trigger malignant hyperthermia. Causes dose-dependent respiratory depression and blunted ventilatory response to hypoxia and hypercapnia. Avoid use as a single agent to induce anesthesia in coronary artery disease or where an increase in heart rate or blood pressure should be avoided. Should not be used to induce and/or maintain anesthesia in nonintubated pediatric patients, due to higher incidences of airway irritation. Use of desflurane for induction of general anesthesia is not recommended due to its irritant properties and unpleasant odor which may cause breath holding and coughing.

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