Dexmedetomidine
- Atc Codes:N05CM18
- CAS Codes:145108-58-3
- PHARMGKB ID:145108-58-3
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Other genes that may be involved
- Substrate of
- Inhibits
- Induces
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Czech Republic: Precedex; Denmark: Dexdomitor; Finland: Dexdomitor; Germany: Dexdomitor; Poland: Precedex.
North America
USA: Precedex.
Latin America
Argentina: Precedex; Brazil: Precedex.
Asia
Japan: Precedex.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride: C~13~H~16~N~2~ HCl. Mw: 236.74. (1) 1H-Imidazole, 4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-, monohydrochloride, (S)-; (2) 4-[(S)-α,2,3-Trimethylbenzyl]imidazole monohydrochloride. CAS-145108-58-3 (1999).
Pharmacologic Category
Anxiolytics, Sedatives, and Hypnotics; Miscellaneous. α~2~-Adrenergic Agonist. (ATC-Code: N05CM18).
Mechanism of action
Selective α~2~-adrenoceptor agonist with sedative properties. α~1~ activity was observed at high doses or after rapid infusions.
Therapeutic use
Sedation of initially intubated and mechanically ventilated patients during treatment in an intensive care setting.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Use with caution during pregnancy or lactation.
Unlabeled use
Premedication prior to anesthesia induction with thiopental. Relief of pain and reduction of opioid dose following laparoscopic tubal ligation. Adjunct anesthetic in ophthalmic surgery. Treatment of shivering. Premedication to attenuate the cardiostimulatory and postanesthetic delirium of ketamine.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to dexmedetomidine or any component of the formulation. Use outside an intensive care setting.
Warnings and precautions
Transient hypertension observed with the initial peripheral vasoconstrictive effects of the drug. Caution in heart block, bradycardia, severe ventricular dysfunction, hypovolemia, chronic hypertension, patients receiving vasodilators, the elderly, diabetes mellitus, or hepatic impairment. Bradycardia, hypotension, and sinus arrest associated with rapid I.V. administration or high vagal tone.