Dimercaprol
- Atc Codes:V03AB09
- CAS Codes:59-52-9
- PHARMGKB ID:59-52-9
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Drug Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Cyprus: Dimercaprol; France: B.A.L; Greece: BAL; Hungary: Dicaptol; Italy: BAL; UK: Dimercaprol.
North America
Canada: BAL; USA: BAL.
Latin America
Brazil: Dimercaprol.
Asia
Japan: Bal.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Dimercaprol: C~3~H~8~OS~2~. Mw: 124.23. (1) 1-Propanol, 2,3-dimercapto; (2) 2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanol. CAS-59-52-9.
Pharmacologic Category
Heavy Metal Antagonists. Antidotes. (ATC-Code: V03AB09).
Mechanism of action
Sulfhydryl group combines with ions of various heavy metals to form relatively stable, nontoxic, soluble chelates which are excreted in urine.
Therapeutic use
Antidote to gold, arsenic (except arsine), or acute mercury poisoning (except nonalkyl mercury). Adjunct to edetate calcium disodium in lead poisoning.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
There are no adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Lead was found to cross the placenta in amounts related to maternal plasma levels. Possible outcomes of maternal lead exposure >10 μg/dL include spontaneous abortion, postnatal developmental delay, and reduced birth weight. Chelation therapy during pregnancy is for maternal benefit only and should be limited to the treatment of severe, symptomatic lead poisoning. It is not known if dimercaprol is excreted in breast milk, and therefore should be used with caution.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to dimercaprol or any component of the formulation. Hepatic insufficiency (unless due to arsenic poisoning). Iron, cadmium, or selenium poisoning.
Warnings and precautions
Potentially a nephrotoxic drug (use with caution in oliguria). Use with caution in G6PD deficiency (may increase risk of hemolytic anemia). Fevers may occur in children. Product contains peanut oil (use with caution in peanut allergy). Injections should be administered deeply I.M. at different sites.