Efalizumab

Table of contents

  • Brand Names
  • Chemistry
  • Pharmacologic Category
  • Mechanism of Action
  • Therapeutic Use
  • Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
  • Contraindications
  • Warnings and Precautions
  • Adverse Reactions
  • Toxicological Effects
  • Genes that may be involved
  • Drug Interactions
  • Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
  • Dosage
  • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
  • Special Considerations

Brand Names

North America

USA: Raptiva (d).

Latin America

Brazil: Raptiva; Mexico: Raptiva (d).

Drug combinations

Chemistry

Efalizumab: Mw: approx. 146170.01. (1) Immunoglobulin G~1~, anti-(human CD11a (antigen)(human-mouse monoclonal hu1124 γ~1~-chain), disulfide with human-mouse monoclonal hu1124 light chain, dimer; (2) Immunoglobulin G~1~ (human-mouse monoclonal hu1124 γ~1~-chain anti-human antigen CD11a), disulfide with human-mouse monoclonal hu1124 light chain, dimer. CAS-214745-43-4 (2001).

Pharmacologic Category

Immunosuppressive Agents; Monoclonal Antibody. (ATC-Code: L04AA21).

Mechanism of action

A recombinant humanized anti-CD11a monoclonal antibody, it is an immunosuppressive agent. By binding to CD11a, a subunit of leukocyte function antigen-1 (LFA-1) found on leukocytes, efalizumab blocks multiple T-cell mediated responses involved in the pathogenesis of psoriatic plaques.

Therapeutic use

Used for the management of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis in adults who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy.

Pregnancy and lactiation implications

There are no adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Unknown whether efalizumab is excreted in human milk. Not recommended during lactation.

Unlabeled use

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to efalizumab or any component of the formulation.

Warnings and precautions

Possible increased risk of infections, including reactivation of latent chronic infections. Avoid use in clinically important infections (use with caution in chronic infection or history of recurrent infections). Risk of malignancies may be increased in patients receiving immunosuppressive agents (use cautiously in patients at high risk for malignancy or in those with history of malignancy). Patients receiving other immunosuppressive agents should not receive concurrent therapy with efalizumab. Risk of thrombocytopenia or hemolytic anemia. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy reported with efalizumab use. Worsening of psoriasis can occur during or following discontinuance of efalizumab therapy. Hypersensitivity reactions (e.g. angioedema, asthma, dyspnea, maculopapular rash, urticaria) reported. Arthritic episodes reported, including new-onset or recurrent severe arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Do not administer acellular, live, or live-attenuated vaccines during efalizumab therapy. Possible development of predominantly low-titer antibodies to efalizumab or other protein components of the preparation. Use with caution in geriatric individuals due to increased incidence of infections. Produced in a Chinese hamster cell medium.

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