Etoposide
- Atc Codes:L01CB01
- CAS Codes:33419-42-0
- PHARMGKB ID:33419-42-0
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Toxicological Effects
- Other genes that may be involved
- Substrate of
- Inhibits
- Induces
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Etopofos, Etoposid, Vepesid; Belgium: Celltop, Eposin, Etoposide, Vepesid; Bulgaria: Etoposide, Etosid, Lastet; Czech Republic: Etoposid, Etoposide, Lastet, Vepesid; Denmark: Etopofos, Etoposid, Etoposide, Vepesid; Estonia: Etoposid, Vepesid; Finland: Eposin, Etoposide, Vepesid; France: Celltop, Etopophos, Etoposide, Vepeside; Germany: ETO CS, Etomedac, Etopofos, Etopophos, Etoposid, Exitop, Lastet, Neoposid, Onkoposid, Riboposid, Vepesid; Greece: Celltop, Etobion, Etoposide, Posidex, Vepesid; Hungary: Etoposid, Etoposide, Lastet, Sintopozid; Ireland: Etopophos, Etoposid, Etoposide, Vepesid; Italy: Etoposide, Vepesid; Latvia: Etoposid, Etoposide; Lithuania: Etoposid, Etoposide; Luxembourg: Etoposide, VePesid; Malta: Vepesid; Netherlands: Eposin, Etomedac, Etoposide, Toposin, Vepesid; Poland: Etoposid, Lastet, Vepesid; Portugal: Eposin, Etoposido, Vepesid; Romania: Etoposid, Etoposide, Lastet, Sintopozid, Vepesid; Slovakia: Etoposid, Etoposide, Lastet, Vepesid; Slovenia: Ebeposid, Eposin, Vepesid; Spain: Etopósido, Vepesid; Sweden: Eposin, Etopofos, Etoposid, Vepesid; UK: Eposin, Etopophos, Vepesid.
North America
Canada: Etoposide, VePesid; USA: Etopophos, Etoposide, VePesid.
Latin America
Argentina: Etocris, Etoposido, Euvaxon, Neoplaxol, VP-Gen; Brazil: Epósido-Etoposideo, Etosin, Eunades CS, Nexvep, Posidon, Vepesid; Mexico: Cryosid, Etonco, Etopos, Etoposido, Tosuben, Vepesid.
Asia
Japan: Etposide, Lastet, Vepesid.
Drug combinations
Etoposide, Cytarabine, and Daunorubicin Hydrochloride
Chemistry
Etoposide: C~29~H~32~O~13~. Mw: 588.56. (1) Furo[3′,4′:6,7]naphtho[2,3-d]-1,3-dioxol-6(5aH)-one-, 9-[(4,6-O-ethylidene-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]5,8,8a,9-tetrahydro-5-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl), [5R-[5α,5αβ,8aα,9β(R*)]]-; (2) 4′-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-[4,6-O-(R)-ethylidene-β-D-glucopyranoside]. CAS-33419-42-0 (1978).
Pharmacologic Category
Antineoplastic Agents; Alkylating Agents; Podophyllotoxin Derivative. (ATC-Code: L01CB01).
Mechanism of action
A semisynthetic podophyllotoxin-derivative antineoplastic agent. Etoposide has been shown to delay transit of cells through the S phase and arrest cells in late S or early G2 phase. The drug may inhibit mitochondrial transport at the NADH dehydrogenase level or inhibit uptake of nucleosides into HeLa cells. A topoisomerase II inhibitor; appears to cause DNA strand breaks. Etoposide does not inhibit microtubular assembly.
Therapeutic use
Used for treatment of refractory testicular tumors in patients who have already received appropriate surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Treatment of small cell lung cancer.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
May cause fetal harm. Teratogenicity and embryolethality demonstrated in animals. Pregnancy should be avoided during therapy. Etoposide should be used during pregnancy only in life-threatening situations or severe disease for which safer drugs cannot be used or are ineffective. Not recommended for use during lactation.
Unlabeled use
Treatment of lymphomas, acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Treatment of lung, bladder, and prostate carcinoma. Hepatoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, uterine carcinoma, neuroblastoma, mycosis fungoides, Kaposi’s sarcoma, histiocytosis, gestational trophoblastic disease, Ewing’s sarcoma, Wilms’ tumor, brain tumors.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to etoposide or any component of the formulation. Pregnancy.
Warnings and precautions
Hazardous agent. Risk of dose-limiting and potentially fatal myelosuppression (principally granulocytopenia). Thrombocytopenia and anemia may also occur. Severe myelosuppression with resulting infection or bleeding may occur. Hematologic toxicity might occur. Transient hypotension reported following rapid I.V. administration. The drug should be considered a potential carcinogen. Anaphylactoid/hypersensitivity reactions might occur. Concentrate for injection may contain benzyl alcohol (associated with «gasping syndrome» in neonates). Injectable formula contains polysorbate 80 (do not use in premature infants). Use with caution in renal or hepatic impairment. Geriatric patients may be particularly susceptible to etoposide-induced adverse effects.