Formoterol
- Atc Codes:R03AC13
- CAS Codes:43229-80-7#73573-87-2
- PHARMGKB ID:43229-80-7#73573-87-2
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Other genes that may be involved
- Substrate of
- Drug Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Foradil, Forair, Formoterol, Novolizer Formoterol, Oxis; Belgium: Foradil, Novolizer Formoterol, Oxis; Bulgaria: Atimos, Foradil; Cyprus: Broncoteril, Foradil; Denmark: Delnil, Eformax, Foradil, Foraform, Oxis; Estonia: Atimos, Diffumax, Foradil, Licaformot, Oxis; Finland: Cycloterol, Fomeda, Foradil, Formaxa, Formoterol, Oxis; France: Asmelor, Foradil, Formoair; Germany: Atifor, Foradil, Forair, Formatris, FormoLich, Formoterol, Formotop, Oxis; Greece: Atifor, Broncoteril, Efuril, Forair, Forcap, Formaxa, Formopen, Imotec, Kinitron; Hungary: Atimos, Chemoterol, Diffumax, Foradil, Forair, Oxis; Ireland: Foradil, Formoterol, Novolizer Formoterol, Oxis; Italy: Aliterol, Atimos, Eolus, Evervent, Feronal, Foradil, Formoterolo, Forotan, Fortasint, Kurovent, Levovent, Liferol, Oxis; Latvia: Atimos, Diffumax, Foradil, Licaformot, Oxis; Lithuania: Atimos, Diffumax, Foradil, Licaformot, Oxis; Malta: Atimos, Foradil, Oxis; Netherlands: Atimos, Foradil, Formoterol, Oxis; Poland: Atimos, Diffumax, Foradil, Foramed, Forastmin, Oxis, Oxodil, Zafiron; Portugal: Asmatec, Atimos, Foradil, Forair, Formaxa, Formoterol, Oxis; Romania: Atimos, Pneumera; Slovakia: Atimos, Foradil, Formano, Formoterol, Formovent, Forair, Oxis; Slovenia: Atimos, Oxis; Spain: Broncoral, Foradil, Formatris, Formoterol, Neblik, Oxis; Sweden: Foradil, Formatris, Formoterol, Oxis; UK: Atimos, Foradil, Formoterol, Oxis.
North America
Canada: Foradil, Oxeze; USA: Foradil, Perforomist.
Latin America
Argentina: Oxis, Xanol; Brazil: Fluir, Foradil, Formare, Formocaps, Oxis; Mexico: Foradil.
Asia
Japan: Atock.
Drug combinations
Formoterol and Beclomethasone
Formoterol and Budesonide
Formoterol and Mometasone
Chemistry
Formoterol Fumarate: (C~19~H~24~N~2~O~4~)~2~ C~4~H~4~O~4~. Mw: 804.88. (±)-2′-Hydroxy-5′-[(R*)-1-hydroxy-2-[[(R*)-p-methoxy-α-methylphenethyl]amino]ethyl]formanilide fumarate (2:1). CAS-43229-80-7; CAS-73573-87-2 (formoterol).(1997).
Pharmacologic Category
Sympathomimetic (Adrenergic) Agents; Selective β~2~-Adrenergic Agonists. (ATC-Code: R03AC13).
Mechanism of action
Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by selective action on β~2~-receptors with little effect on heart rate.
Therapeutic use
Maintenance treatment of asthma and prevention of bronchospasm in patients ≥5 years of age with reversible obstructive airway disease, including patients with symptoms of nocturnal asthma. Maintenance treatment of bronchoconstriction in COPD. Prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm in patients ≥5 years of age.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
There are no adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women. β-Agonists interfere with uterine contractility so use during labor only if benefit outweighs risk to fetus.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to formoterol, inhaled lactose, or any component of the formulation. Presence of tachyarrhythmias.
Warnings and precautions
Long-acting β~2~-agonists may increase risk of asthma-related deaths. Risk may be greater in African-American patients vs Caucasians. Rarely, paradoxical bronchospasm might occur with use of inhaled bronchodilating agents. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions (angioedema, bronchospasm, rash, urticaria) reported. Serious effects/fatalities associated with excessive use of inhaled sympathomimetics. Use with caution in cardiovascular disease (arrhythmia, coronary insufficiency, hypertension, or HF), since β-agonists may cause elevation in blood pressure and heart rate and result in CNS stimulation/excitation. β~2~-Agonists may also increase risk of arrhythmias and prolong QTc interval. Formoterol should not be used for treatment of rapidly deteriorating, or acute symptomatic COPD. Use with caution in diabetes mellitus (β~2~-agonists may increase serum glucose), glaucoma (may elevate intraocular pressure), hyperthyroidism (may stimulate thyroid activity), hypokalemia (β~2~-agonists may decrease serum potassium), seizure disorders (β-agonists may result in CNS stimulation/excitation). Powder for oral inhalation contains lactose (caution with severe milk protein allergy).