Hydralazine
- Atc Codes:C02DB02
- CAS Codes:304-20-1#86-54-4
- PHARMGKB ID:304-20-1#86-54-4
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Toxicological Effects
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Other genes that may be involved
- Substrate of
- Inhibits
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Cyprus: Apresoline; Ireland: Apresoline; Malta: Apresoline, Hydralazine; Netherlands: Hydralazine; Poland: Dihydralazinum; Portugal: Apresolina; Spain: Hydrapres; Sweden: Apresolin; UK: Apresoline, Hydralazine.
North America
Canada: Apresoline, Hydralazine, Hydral, Hylazin; USA: Hydralazine.
Latin America
Argentina: Hydral, Hydrapres; Brazil: Apresolina, Nepresol; Mexico: Apresolina, Bionobal, Hidralazina.
Asia
Japan: Apresoline, Aprezine, Asozart, Hydrapress, Hypatol, Pressfall, Travinon.
Drug combinations
Hydralazine and Hydrochlorothiazide
Hydralazine and Isosorbide Dinitrate
Hydralazine, Atenolol, and Chlortalidone
Hydralazine, Bendroflumethiazide, and Propranolol
Hydralazine, Chlortalidone, and Oxprenolol
Hydralazine, Hydrochlorothiazide, and Metoprolol
Chemistry
Hydralazine Hydrochloride: C~8~H~8~N~4~ HCl. Mw: 196.64. (1) Phthalazine, 1-hydrazino-, monohydrochloride; (2) 1-Hydrazinophthalazine monohydrochloride. CAS-304-20-1; CAS-86-54-4 (hydralazine).
Pharmacologic Category
Hypotensive Agents; Direct Vasodilators. (ATC-Code: C02DB02).
Mechanism of action
Direct vasodilation of arterioles (with little effect on veins) with decreased systemic resistance.
Therapeutic use
Management of moderate-to-severe hypertension, congestive heart failure, hypertension secondary to pre-eclampsia/eclampsia. Treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Crosses placenta. Safe use during pregnancy or breast-feeding.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to hydralazine or any component of the formulation. Mitral valve rheumatic heart disease.
Warnings and precautions
May cause drug-induced lupus-like syndrome. Use with caution in coronary artery disease (risk of precipitation of angina attacks and/or MI), pulmonary hypertension (may cause hypotension), or in severe renal impairment. May cause systemic lupus erythematosus (e.g. glomerulonephritis) or rheumatoid arthritis. Some formulations contain sulfites which may cause allergic-type reactions (including anaphylaxis and life-threatening or less severe asthmatic episodes) in certain susceptible individuals. May increase pulmonary artery pressure in mitral valvular disease. Orthostatic hypotension possible (use with caution in cerebrovascular accidents, patients who may be volume-depleted, those with pre-existing hypotension, or those receiving other hypotensive agents). May paradoxically reduce pressor response to epinephrine. Peripheral neuritis might occur (e.g. numbness, paresthesia, tingling). Blood dyscrasias possible (e.g. agranulocytosis, decreased hemoglobin and erythrocytes, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia with or without purpura).