Hydrochlorothiazide
- Atc Codes:C03AA03
- CAS Codes:58-93-5
- PHARMGKB ID:58-93-5
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Toxicological Effects
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Other genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: HCT; Bulgaria: Dehydratin, Disalunil, Hypothiazid, HypoDehydra; Cyprus: Didralin; Finland: Hydrex; France: Esidrix; Germany: Disalunil, Esidrix, HCT, Hydrochlorothiazide EZ; Greece: Diuren; Hungary: Hypothiazid; Italy: Esidrex, Idroclor; Latvia: Hypothiazid; Luxembourg: Dichlotride, Esidrex; Poland: Disalunil, Hydrochlorothiazidum; Romania: Nefrix; Slovakia: Hydrochlorothiazid; Spain: Esidrex, Hidrosaluretil; Sweden: Esidrex.
North America
Canada: Apo-Hydro, Hydrochlorothiazide, Novo-Hydrazide, Nu-Hydro, Urozide; USA: Hydrochlorothiazide, Microzide.
Latin America
Argentina: Diural, Diurex, Tandiur; Brazil: Clorana, Clorizin, Diurepina, Diuretil, Diurix, Drenol, Hidroclorotiazida, Hidroclorozil, Hidrolan, Hidromed, Hidroclor; Mexico: Rofucal.
Asia
Japan: Dichlotride, Newtolide, Pantemon.
Drug combinations
Hydrochlorothiazide and Acebutolol
Hydrochlorothiazide and Aliskiren
Hydrochlorothiazide and Amiloride
Hydrochlorothiazide and Atenolol
Hydrochlorothiazide and Benazepril
Hydrochlorothiazide and Bisoprolol
Hydrochlorothiazide and Candesartan
Hydrochlorothiazide and Captopril
Hydrochlorothiazide and Carvedilol
Hydrochlorothiazide and Cilazapril
Hydrochlorothiazide and Enalapril
Hydrochlorothiazide and Eprosartan
Hydrochlorothiazide and Fosinopril
Hydrochlorothiazide and Hydralazine
Hydrochlorothiazide and Irbesartan
Hydrochlorothiazide and Lisinopril
Hydrochlorothiazide and Losartan
Hydrochlorothiazide and Metoprolol
Hydrochlorothiazide and Methyldopa
Hydrochlorothiazide and Moexipril
Hydrochlorothiazide and Nerbivolol
Hydrochlorothiazide and Olmesartan
Hydrochlorothiazide and Propanolol
Hydrochlorothiazide and Quinapril
Hydrochlorothiazide and Ramipril
Hydrochlorothiazide and Reserpine
Hydrochlorothiazide and Spironolactone
Hydrochlorothiazide and Telmisartan
Hydrochlorothiazide and Triamterene
Hydrochlorothiazide and Valsartan
Hydrochlorothiazide and Zofenopril
Hydrochlorothiazide, Aliskiren, and Amlodipine
Hydrochlorothiazide, Amiloride, and Atenolol
Hydrochlorothiazide, Amiloride, and Timolol
Hydrochlorothiazide, Amlodipine, and Olmesartan
Hydrochlorothiazide, Amlodipine, and Valsartan
Hydrochlorothiazide, Bendroflumethiazide, and Propranolol
Hydrochlorothiazide, Hydralazine and Metoprolol
Hydrochlorothiazide, Propranolol, and Triamterene
Hydrochlorothiazide, Triamterene, and Verapamil
Chemistry
Hydrochlorothiazide: C~7~H~8~ClN~3~O~4~S~2~. Mw: 297.74. (1) 2H-1,2,4-Benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide, 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-, 1,1-dioxide; (2) 6-Chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide. CAS-58-93-5.
Pharmacologic Category
Thiazide Diuretics. (ATC-Code: C03AA03).
Mechanism of action
Inhibits sodium reabsorption in distal tubules causing increased excretion of sodium and water as well as potassium and hydrogen ions.
Therapeutic use
Management of mild-to-moderate hypertension. Treatment of edema in congestive heart failure and nephrotic syndrome.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Thiazide diuretics may cause increased risk of congenital defects, as well as other complications to fetus or newborn, such as hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, jaundice, and thrombocytopenia.
Unlabeled use
Treatment of lithium-induced diabetes insipidus.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to hydrochlorothiazide or any component of the formulation, thiazides, or sulfonamide-derived drugs. Anuria. Renal decompensation. Pregnancy.
Warnings and precautions
Electrolyte disturbances, such as hypokalemia, hypochloremic alkalosis, and hyponatremia can occur. Photosensitization might occur. Use in sulfonamide allergy is specifically contraindicated. Use with caution in prediabetes or diabetes mellitus (change in glucose control possible). Gout can be precipitated in certain patients. Use with caution in severe hepatic dysfunction, in moderate or high cholesterol concentrations, or in hypokalemia. Avoid in severe renal disease (ineffective). Can cause systemic lupus erythematosus exacerbation or activation.