Methylene Blue
- Atc Codes:V03AB17
- CAS Codes:7220-79-3#61-73-4
- PHARMGKB ID:7220-79-3#61-73-4
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Other genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Germany: Methylenblau Vitis; Greece: Methylene Blue; Hungary: Metilénkék; Italy: Metiltion; Malta: Methylene Blue; Portugal: Azul de Metileno.
North America
Canada: Methylene Bleu, Methylene Blue; USA: Urolene Blue.
Drug combinations
Methylene Blue and Naphazoline
Chemistry
Methylene Blue: C~16~H~18~ClN~3~S 3H~2~O. Mw: 373.90. (1) Phenothiazin-5-ium, 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)-, chloride, trihydrate; (2) C.I. Basic Blue 9 trihydrate. CAS-7220-79-3; CAS-61-73-4 (anhydrous).
Pharmacologic Category
Antidotes. (ATC-Code: V03AB17).
Mechanism of action
Hastens conversion of methemoglobin to hemoglobin. In cyanide toxicity, combines with cyanide to form cyanmethemoglobin preventing interference of cyanide with cytochrome system.
Therapeutic use
Antidote for cyanide poisoning and drug-induced methemoglobinemia, indicator dye.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Use caution when administered during pregnancy or lactation.
Unlabeled use
Treatment/prevention of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy. Topically, in conjunction with polychromatic light to photoinactivate viruses such as herpes simplex. Alone or in combination with vitamin C for management of chronic urolithiasis.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to methylene blue or any component of the formulation. Intraspinal injection. Renal insufficiency.
Warnings and precautions
Continued use can cause profound anemia. At high doses or in G6PD-deficiency and in infants, methylene blue may cause paradoxical methemoglobinemia. Use with caution in G6PD-deficiency, and in young patients. Do not inject SubQ or intrathecally.