Metoclopramide
- Atc Codes:A03FA01
- CAS Codes:54143-57-6#7232-21-5#364-62-5
- PHARMGKB ID:54143-57-6#7232-21-5#364-62-5
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Other genes that may be involved
- Substrate of
- Inhibits
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Gastrosil, Metogastron, Paspertin; Belgium: Dibertil, Docmetoclo, Metoclopramide, Primperan; Bulgaria: Antiemetin, Cerucal, Degan, Pramidin, Reglan; Cyprus: Cloperan, Elitan, Primperan; Denmark: Emperal, Gastro-Timelets, Primperan; Estonia: Cerucal, Metoclopramide; Finland: Primperan; France: Metoclopramide, Primperan, Prokinyl; Germany: Cerucal, Gastronerton, Gastrosil, Metoclopramid, Paspertin; Greece: Metoclopramide, Primperan; Hungary: Cerucal; Ireland: Antimet, Maxolon, Metoclopramide; Italy: Delipramil, Digestivo, Isaprandil, Metoclopr, Plasil, Pramidin, Randum; Latvia: Cerucal, Metoclopramid; Lithuania: Metoclopramid; Luxembourg: Dibertil, Gastro-Timelets, Gastronerton, Gastrosil, Metoclamid, Metoclopramide, Primperan, Prokinyl; Malta: Cloperan, Elitan, Metoclopramide; Netherlands: Metoclopramide, Primperan; Poland: Metoclopramidum; Portugal: Metoclopramida, Primperan; Romania: Metoclopramid; Slovakia: Cerucal, Degan; Slovenia: Reglan; Spain: Metoclopramida, Primperán; Sweden: Primperan; UK: Maxolon, Metoclopramide, Primperan.
North America
Canada: Apo-Metoclop, Metoclopramide; USA: Metozolv, Reglan.
Latin America
Argentina: Disgradón, Fonderyl, Lizarona, Metoc, Metoclopramida, Midatenk, Novomit, Praux, Primavera, Primperil, Reliverán, Rilaquín, Rupemet; Brazil: Aristopramida, Emetic, Eucil, Fluccil, Metoclopramida, Metoplamin, Neolasil, No-Vomit, Plagex, Plamida, Plamidasil, Plamivon, Plasil, Pramil; Mexico: Biopram, Carnotprim, Cirulán, Clorimet, Dolmisin, Eudiges, Gigemet, Hopram, Meclomid, Metoclopramida, Midetol, Mipramid, Plasil, Polcotec, Pradex, Pramilem, Propace, Synespramid.
Asia
Japan: Anolexinon, Elieten, Folicron, Neopramiel, Peraprin, Pramiel, Primperan, Prinparl, Terperan.
Drug combinations
Metoclopramide and Acetaminophen
Metoclopramide and Aspirin
Metoclopramide and Simethicone
Metoclopramide, Diazepam, and Simethicone
Metoclopramide, Caffeine, Dipyrone, and Ergotamine
Metoclopramide, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Dipyrone, and Ergotamine
Chemistry
Metoclopramide Hydrochloride: C~14~H~22~ClN~3~O~2~ HCl H~2~O. Mw: 354.27. (1) Benzamide, 4-amino-5-chloro-N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-2-methoxy-, monohydrochloride, monohydrate; (2) 4-Amino-5-chloro-N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-o-anisamide monohydrochloride monohydrate. CAS-54143-57-6; CAS-7232-21-5 (anhydrous); CAS-364-62-5 (metoclopramide)(1964).
Pharmacologic Category
Prokinetic Agents. Antiemetic. (ATC-Code: A03FA01).
Mechanism of action
Blocks dopamine receptors and (when given in higher doses) also blocks serotonin receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone of CNS. Enhances response to acetylcholine of tissue in upper GI tract causing enhanced motility and accelerated gastric emptying without stimulating gastric, biliary, or pancreatic secretions. Increases lower esophageal sphincter tone.
Therapeutic use
Symptomatic treatment of diabetic gastric stasis. Gastroesophageal reflux. Symptomatic treatment of diabetic gastric stasis. Postpyloric placement of enteral feeding tubes. Prevention and/or treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy, or postsurgery. To stimulate gastric emptying and intestinal transit of barium during radiological examination.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Crosses placenta. Safe use during pregnancy. Enters breast milk. Might increase milk production.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to metoclopramide or any component of the formulation. Gastrointestinal obstruction, perforation or hemorrhage. Pheochromocytoma. History of seizures.
Warnings and precautions
Mental depression occurred (use with caution in history of mental illness). Might cause extrapyramidal symptoms, including pseudoparkinsonism, acute dystonic reactions, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia (use caution with concurrent use of other drugs associated with extrapyramidal symptoms). Use may be associated (rarely) with neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Use with caution in risk of fluid overload (heart failure, cirrhosis). Might cause transient increase in serum aldosterone. Use with caution in hypertension. Patients with NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase deficiency are at increased risk of methemoglobinemia and/or sulfhemoglobinemia. Use with caution in Parkinson’s disease (might have increased risk of tardive dyskinesia), in renal impairment, following surgical anastomosis/closure, and in the elderly (might have increased risk of tardive dyskinesia). Abrupt discontinuation may (rarely) result in withdrawal symptoms (dizziness, headache, nervousness).