Misoprostol
- Atc Codes:A02BB01#G02AD06
- CAS Codes:59122-46-2
- PHARMGKB ID:59122-46-2
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Cyprostol; Belgium: Cytotec; Denmark: Cytotec; Finland: Cytotec; France: Cytotec, Gymiso; Germany: Cytotec; Greece: Cytotec; Ireland: Cytotec; Italy: Cytotec, Misodex; Luxembourg: Cytotec; Malta: Cytotec; Netherlands: Cytotec; Poland: Cytotec; Portugal: Cytotec; Spain: Cytotec; Sweden: Cytotec; UK: Cytotec.
North America
Canada: Misoprostol; USA: Cytotec, Misoprostol.
Latin America
Brazil: Cytotec; Mexico: Cytotec.
Asia
Japan: Cytotec.
Drug combinations
Misoprostol and Diclofenac
Misoprostol and Naproxen
Chemistry
Misoprostol: C~22~H~38~O~5~. Mw: 382.53. (1) Prost-13-en-1-oic acid, 11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxo-, methyl ester, (11α,13E)-(±)-; (2)(±)-Methyl (1R,2R,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-[(E)-(4RS)-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-1-octenyl]-5-oxocyclopentaneheptanoate. CAS-59122-46-2 (1981).
Pharmacologic Category
Antiulcer Agents and Acid Suppressants; Prostaglandins. (ATC-Code: A02BB01; G02AD06).
Mechanism of action
Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin E~1~ analog which replaces protective prostaglandins consumed with prostaglandin-inhibiting therapies (e.g. NSAIDs). May induce uterine contractions.
Therapeutic use
Prevention of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers. Medical termination of pregnancy of ≤49 days (in conjunction with mifepristone).
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Abortifacient. During pregnancy, use to prevent NSAID-induced ulcers is contraindicated. Reports of fetal death, congenital anomalies, uterine perforation, and abortion after use in pregnancy. Contraindicated during lactation.
Unlabeled use
Cervical ripening and labor induction. NSAID-induced nephropathy. Fat malabsorption in cystic fibrosis.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to misoprostol, prostaglandins, or any component of the formulation. Pregnancy (when used to reduce NSAID-induced ulcers).
Warnings and precautions
Use with caution in cardiovascular disease, in renal impairment, and in the elderly. Uterine perforation and/or rupture reported in association with intravaginal use to induce labor or with combined oral/intravaginal use to induce abortion.