Moxifloxacin
- Atc Codes:J01MA14#S01AX22
- CAS Codes:186826-86-8
- PHARMGKB ID:186826-86-8
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Actira, Avelox, Moxifloxacin, Octegra; Belgium: Avelox, Proflox; Bulgaria: Avelox, Vigamox; Cyprus: Avelox; Czech Republic: Avelox, Vigamox; Denmark: Avelox; Estonia: Avelox, Vigamox; Finland: Avelox; France: Izilox; Germany: Actimax, Actira, Avalox, Avelox, Lapinix, Octegra, Vigamox; Greece: Avelox, Mikrobiel, Octegra, Rucela; Hungary: Avelox; Ireland: Avelox, Vigamox; Italy: Actira, Avalox, Octegra; Latvia: Avelox, Vigamox; Lithuania: Avelox, Vigamox; Luxembourg: Actira, Proflox; Malta: Avalox, Vigamox; Netherlands: Avelox, Octegra, Vigamox; Poland: Avelox; Portugal: Avelox, Proflox, Vigamox; Slovakia: Avelox, Vigamox; Slovenia: Avelox; Spain: Actira, Octegra, Proflox; Sweden: Avelox, Vigamox; UK: Avelox.
North America
Canada: Avelox, Vigamox; USA: Avelox, Moxeza, Vigamox.
Latin America
Argentina: Avelox, Moflag, Vigamox; Brazil: Avalox, Vigamox; Mexico: Avelox, Vigamoxi.
Asia
Japan: Avelox, Vegamox.
Drug combinations
Moxifloxacin and Dexamethasone
Chemistry
Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride: C~21~H~24~FN~3~O~4~ HCl. Mw: 437.89. (1)(4aS-cis)-1-Cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-8-methoxy-7-(octahydro-6H-pyrrolol[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, monohydrochloride; (2) 1-Cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-8-methoxy-7-[(4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl]-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, monohydrochloride. CAS-186826-86-8 (1998).
Pharmacologic Category
Antibacterials; Quinolones. EENT Preparations; Antibacterials. Respiratory Fluoroquinolone. (ATC-Code: J01MA14; S01AX22).
Mechanism of action
DNA gyrase inhibitor; also inhibits topoisomerase IV.
Therapeutic use
Treatment of mild-to-moderate community-acquired pneumonia, including multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. Acute bacterial sinusitis. Complicated and uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections. Complicated intra-abdominal infections. Bacterial conjunctivitis (ophthalmic formulation).
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Adverse events observed in some animal studies. Moxifloxacin should only be used during pregnancy if safer option not available. Not recommended during lactation.
Unlabeled use
Legionella.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to moxifloxacin, other quinolone antibiotics, or any component of the formulation.
Warnings and precautions
Fluoroquinolones may prolong QTc interval (avoid use in history of QTc prolongation, uncorrected hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or concurrent administration of other medications known to prolong QT interval). Tremor, restlessness, confusion, and very rarely hallucinations or seizures may occur (use with caution in known or suspected CNS disorder). Fluoroquinolones associated with development of serious, and sometimes fatal, hypoglycemia. Severe hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, occurred with quinolone therapy. Use of quinolones linked to peripheral neuropathy (rare). Photosensitivity. May rarely cause moderate-to-severe phototoxicity reactions. Prolonged use may result in fungal or bacterial superinfection, including C. difficile-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. Reports of tendon inflammation and/or rupture with quinolone antibiotics. Use with caution in significant bradycardia or acute myocardial ischemia, and in diabetes mellitus (glucose regulation may be altered). Not recommended in severe hepatic insufficiency. Some quinolones may exacerbate myasthenia gravis, use with caution (rare, potentially life-threatening weakness of respiratory muscles may occur). Use with caution in renal failure (may increase risk of tendon rupture), in rheumatoid arthritis (may increase risk of tendon rupture), and in risk of seizures (CNS disorders or concurrent therapy with medications which may lower seizure threshold). Adverse effects (e.g. tendon rupture, QT changes) may be increased in the elderly. Hemolytic reactions may (rarely) occur with quinolone use in latent or actual G6PD deficiency. Eye drops should not be injected subconjunctivally or introduced directly into anterior chamber of eye. Contact lenses should not be worn during therapy.