Phenylephrine
- Atc Codes:C01CA06#R01AA04#R01AB01#R01BA03#S01FB01#S01GA05
- CAS Codes:17162-39-9#61-76-7#59-42-7
- PHARMGKB ID:17162-39-9#61-76-7#59-42-7
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Other genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Thalia, Visadron; Belgium: Phenylephrine; Bulgaria: Mydfrin; Cyprus: Mydfrin, Prefrin; Denmark: Metaoxedrin; Finland: Oftan-Metaoksedrin; France: Auristan, Iriclair, Neosynephrine, Nycto; Germany: Neo-Synephrine; Ireland: Minims Phenylephrine; Italy: Optistin; Netherlands: Phenylephrine; Poland: Analux, Neo-Synephrine; Portugal: Anti Gripe Asclepius; Spain: Ada Spray Nasal, Colicursi Fenilefrina, Disneumón, Mirazul, Visadrón, Vistafrín; Sweden: Lepheton; UK: Minims Phenylephrine.
North America
Canada: Dionephrine, Mydfrin, Neo-Synephrine; USA: Ah-Chew, AK-Dilate, Altafrin, Anu-Med, Dimetapp Toddler’s, Formulation R, Little Noses Decongestant, LuSonal, Medi-Phenyl, Mydfrin, NāSop, Neofrin, Neo-Synephrine Mild, OcuNefrin, Preparation H, Rectacaine, Rhinall, Tronolane, Tur-bi-kal.
Latin America
Argentina: Efrina, Fadalefrina, Prefrín Liquifilm, Qura Nasal; Brazil: Fenilefrin, Fenilefrina; Mexico: Actifed Advance, Lefrine, Nefrín Ofteno, Rinolán.
Asia
Japan: Neosynesin.
Drug combinations
Phenylephrine and Acetaminophen
Phenylephrine and Caffeine
Phenylephrine and Carbetapentane
Phenylephrine and Cetrimonium
Phenylephrine and Chlorpheniramine
Phenylephrine and Cyclopentolate
Phenylephrine and Dimetindene
Phenylephrine and Diphenhydramine
Phenylephrine and Diphenylpyraline
Phenylephrine and Guaifenesin
Phenylephrine and Ibuprofen
Phenylephrine and Isoproterenol
Phenylephrine and Prednisolone
Phenylephrine and Promethazine
Phenylephrine and Pyrilamine
Phenylephrine and Scopolamine
Phenylephrine and Tropicamide
Phenylephrine and Zinc Sulfate
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, and Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, and Dextromethorphan
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, and Diphenhydramine
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, and Guaifenesin
Phenylephrine, Amantadine, and Acetaminophen
Phenylephrine, Aspirin, and Chlorpheniramine
Phenylephrine, Carbetapentane, and Chlorpheniramine
Phenylephrine, Carbetapentane, and Guaifenesin
Phenylephrine, Carbetapentane, and Pyrilamine
Phenylephrine, Chloramphenicol, and Dexamethasone
Phenylephrine, Chloramphenicol, and Neomycin
Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine, and Dextromethorphan
Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine, and Dihydrocodeine
Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine, and Guaifenesin
Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine, and Hydrocodone
Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine, and Methscopolamine
Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine, and Phenyltoloxamine
Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine, and Pyrilamine
Phenylephrine, Codeine, and Promethazine
Phenylephrine, Dextromethorphan, and Guaifenesin
Phenylephrine, Dextromethorphan, and Paracetamol
Phenylephrine, Dextromethorphan, and Pyrilamine
Phenylephrine, Diphenhydramine, and Hydrocodone
Phenylephrine, Guaifenesin, and Hydrocodone
Phenylephrine, Guaifenesin, and Pyrilamine
Phenylephrine, Neomycin, and Polymyxin B
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C), and Guaifenesin
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C), and Pheniramine
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C), and Salicylamide
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, Butetamate, and Caffeine
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, and Guaifenesin
Phenylephrine, Carbetapentane, Chlorpheniramine, and Ephedrine
Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, and Potassium Iodide
Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, and Guaifenesin
Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine, Gramicidin, and Neomycin
Phenylephrine, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, and Mepyramine
Phenylephrine, Hydrocortisone, Lidocaine, and Tetracaine
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C), Aspartame, and Citric Acid
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, Bromhexine, Chlorpheniramine, and Dextromethorphan
Phenylephrine, Acetaminophen, Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C), Caffeine, Codeine, and Diphenhydramine
Chemistry
Phenylephrine Bitartrate: C~9~H~13~NO~2~ C~4~H~6~O~6~. Mw: 317.29. (1) R-2-(Methylamino)-1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol-, (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate (1:1); (2)(-)-1-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylaminoethanol, hydrogen tartrate; (3)(-)-3 Hydroxy-α-[(methylamino)methyl]benzenemethanol, hydrogen tartrate; (4) 1-m-Hydroxy-α-[(methylamino)methyl]benzyl alcohol, hydrogen tartrate. CAS-17162-39-9.
Phenylephrine Hydrochloride: C~9~H~13~NO~2~ HCl. Mw: 203.67. Benzenemethanol, 3-hydroxy- α-[(methylamino)methyl]-, hydrochloride (R)-. CAS-61-76-7; CAS-59-42-7 (phenylephrine).
Pharmacologic Category
Sympathomimetic (Adrenergic) Agents; α-Adrenergic Agonists. EENT Preparations; Vasoconstrictors. EENT Preparations; Mydriatics. Antiglaucoma Ophthalmic Agent. (ATC-Code: C01CA06; R01AA04; R01AB01; R01BA03; S01FB01; S01GA05).
Mechanism of action
Causes vasoconstriction of arterioles of nasal mucosa and conjunctiva. Activates dilator muscle of pupil to cause contraction. Produces vasoconstriction of arterioles in body. Produces systemic arterial vasoconstriction.
Therapeutic use
Treatment of hypotension, vascular failure in shock. As vasoconstrictor in regional analgesia. As mydriatic in ophthalmic procedures and treatment of wide-angle glaucoma. Supraventricular tachycardia. Symptomatic relief of nasal and nasopharyngeal mucosal congestion, treatment of hemorrhoids, relief of redness of eye due to irritation.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Reproduction studies not conducted. Excretion in breast milk unknown.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to phenylephrine or any component of the formulation. Hypertension. Ventricular tachycardia. Use with or within 14 days of MAOI therapy. Narrow-angle glaucoma.
Warnings and precautions
Use with extreme caution in patients taking MAOIs (hypertension may result from concurrent use). Intravenous: Use with caution in the elderly, patients with hyperthyroidism, bradycardia, partial heart block, myocardial disease, or severe coronary artery disease. Avoid hypertension. Avoid extravasation. Avoid infusion into leg veins. Nasal: Use with caution in hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, increased intraocular pressure, prostatic hyperplasia or in the elderly. Rebound congestion may occur when nasal products discontinued after chronic use. Oral: Use with caution in asthma, bowel obstruction/narrowing, hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, increased intraocular pressure, prostatic hyperplasia, or in the elderly. Rectal: Use with caution in hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, increased intraocular pressure, prostatic hyperplasia or in the elderly. Some products contain sulfites (may cause allergic reactions in susceptible individuals).