Pindolol
- Atc Codes:C07AA03
- CAS Codes:13523-86-9
- PHARMGKB ID:13523-86-9
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Toxicological Effects
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Substrate of
- Inhibits
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Visken; Belgium: Visken; Bulgaria: Pindolol; Denmark: Hexapindol, Visken; Finland: Pindolol, Pinloc, Visken; France: Visken; Germany: Durapindol, Glauco-Stulln, Visken; Greece: Dranolis, Myopathyl, Treparasen, Visken; Hungary: Visken; Italy: Visken; Luxembourg: Visken; Netherlands: Pindolol, Viskeen; Poland: Visken; Slovenia: Tenzimet; Sweden: Pindolol, Viskén; UK: Visken.
North America
Canada: Pindol, Pindolol, Visken; USA: Pindolol.
Latin America
Brazil: Visken; Mexico: Visken.
Asia
Japan: Barusamizin, Blocklin-L, Carpilol, Carvisken, Casimten R, Glutalan R, Isuhart, Keiviskene, Let-lit, Marles, Osnon, Pindolol, Pithiorol, Viringal, Youvisken.
Drug combinations
Pindolol and Clopamide
Pindolol and Isosorbide Dinitrate
Chemistry
Pindolol: C~14~H~20~N~2~O~2~. Mw: 248.32. (1) 2-Propanol, 1-(1H-indol-4-yloxy)-3-(1-methylethyl)amino-; (2) 1-(Indol-4-yloxy)-3-(isopropylamino)-2-propanol. CAS-13523-86-9 (1970).
Pharmacologic Category
Cardiovascular Drugs; β-Adrenergic Blocking Agents. (ATC-Code: C07AA03).
Mechanism of action
Blocks both β~1~- and β~2~-receptors and has mild intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Has negative inotropic and chronotropic effects and can significantly slow AV nodal conduction. Augmentive action of antidepressants thought to be mediated via serotonin 1A autoreceptor antagonism.
Therapeutic use
Treatment of hypertension, alone or in combination with other agents.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Adverse events not observed in animal studies. Pindolol crosses human placenta. Cases of neonatal hypoglycemia reported following maternal use of β-blockers at parturition or during breast-feeding.
Unlabeled use
Potential augmenting agent for antidepressants. Ventricular arrhythmias/tachycardia, antipsychotic-induced akathisia, situational anxiety. Aggressive behavior associated with dementia.
Contraindications
Bronchial asthma. Cardiogenic shock. Heart block (2^nd^ or 3^rd^ degree) except in patients with functioning artificial pacemaker. Overt cardiac failure. Severe bradycardia.
Warnings and precautions
Use caution with history of severe anaphylaxis to allergens. In general, patients with bronchospastic disease should not receive β-blockers. Use with caution in diabetes mellitus (may potentiate hypoglycemia and/or mask signs and symptoms), compensated heart failure, hepatic impairment (pindolol levels may increase significantly with hepatic impairment), myasthenia gravis, peripheral vascular disease (including Raynaud’s), history of psychiatric illness (may cause or exacerbate CNS depression), and in renal impairment. β-Blockade may mask signs of hyperthyroidism (e.g. tachycardia). Abrupt discontinuation of β-blockade may exacerbate symptoms of hyperthyroidism and may also induce thyroid storm. Use with caution in patients receiving anesthetic agents which decrease myocardial function (e.g. ether, cyclopropane and trichloroethylene), and in patients on concurrent verapamil or diltiazem (bradycardia or heart block may occur). β-Blocker therapy should not be withdrawn abruptly (particularly in coronary artery disease), to avoid acute tachycardia, hypertension, and/or ischemia.