Pralidoxime
- Atc Codes:V03AB04
- CAS Codes:51-15-0
- PHARMGKB ID:51-15-0
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
France: Contrathion, Ineurope; Greece: Contrathion, Helpoxime.
North America
USA: Pralidoxime, Protopam.
Latin America
Argentina: Contrathion; Brazil: Contrathion.
Asia
Japan: Pam.
Drug combinations
Pralidoxime and Atropine
Chemistry
Pralidoxime Chloride: C~7~H~9~ClN~2~O. Mw: 172.61. (1) Pyridinium, 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-1-methyl-, chloride; (2) 2-Formyl-1-methylpyridinium chloride oxime. CAS-51-15-0 (1962).
Pharmacologic Category
Antidotes. (ATC-Code: V03AB04).
Mechanism of action
Reactivates cholinesterase inactivated by phosphorylation due to exposure to organophosphate pesticides, by displacing enzyme from its receptor sites.
Therapeutic use
Reversal of muscle paralysis caused by toxic exposure to organophosphate anticholinesterase pesticides and chemicals. Control of overdose of anticholinesterase medications used to treat myasthenia gravis (ambenonium, neostigmine, pyridostigmine).
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Caution advised during pregnancy or lactation.
Unlabeled use
Treatment of nerve agent toxicity (chemical warfare) in combination with atropine.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to pralidoxime or any component of the formulation. Poisoning due to phosphorus, inorganic phosphates, or organic phosphates without anticholinesterase activity. Poisoning due to pesticides of carbamate class (may increase toxicity of carbaryl).
Warnings and precautions
Use with caution in myasthenia gravis, and in renal impairment. Pralidoxime most effective when given immediately after poisoning. Antidotal administration intended only for initial management.