Prilocaine

Table of contents

  • Brand Names
  • Drug Combinations
  • Chemistry
  • Pharmacologic Category
  • Mechanism of Action
  • Therapeutic Use
  • Contraindications
  • Warnings and Precautions
  • Adverse Reactions
  • Genes that may be involved
  • Drug Interactions
  • Dosage
  • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

Brand Names

Europe

Belgium: Citanest; Finland: Citanest; Germany: Xylonest; Luxembourg: Citanest; Ireland: Citanest; Netherlands: Citanest; Spain: Citanest; Sweden: Citanest; UK: Citanest.

North America

Canada: Citanest; USA: Citanest.

Asia

Japan: Citanest.

Drug combinations

Prilocaine and Epinephrine

Prilocaine and Lidocaine

Chemistry

Prilocaine: C~13~H~20~N~2~O. 220.31. (1) Propanamide, N-(2-methylphenyl)-2-(propylamino)-; (2) 2-(Propylamino)-O-propionotoluidide; (3)(R,S)-N-(2-Methylphenyl)-2-(propylamino)propanamide. CAS-721-50-6 (1996).

Pharmacologic Category

Local Anesthetics. (ATC-Code: N01BB04).

Mechanism of action

Local anesthetics bind selectively to intracellular surface of sodium channels to block influx of sodium into axon. As a result, depolarization is prevented. When drug diffuses away from axon, sodium channel function is restored and nerve propagation returns.

Therapeutic use

Amide-type anesthetic used for local infiltration anesthesia.

Pregnancy and lactiation implications

Unlabeled use

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to local anesthetics of amide type or any component of the formulation.

Warnings and precautions

Restlessness, anxiety, tinnitus, dizziness, blurred vision, tremor, depression, or drowsiness) may be early warning signs of CNS toxicity. Methemoglobinemia reported. Local anesthetics associated with rare occurrences of sudden respiratory arrest. Convulsions due to systemic toxicity leading to cardiac arrest reported, presumably following unintentional intravascular injection. Use with caution in cardiovascular disease, in hepatic impairment, in acutely ill or debilitated patients, in the elderly, and in children. Intravascular injections should be avoided.

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