Primidone
- Atc Codes:N03AA03
- CAS Codes:125-33-7
- PHARMGKB ID:125-33-7
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Induces
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Mysoline; Belgium: Mysoline; Cyprus: Mysoline; Czech Republic: Liskantin; Denmark: Primidon; Estonia: Liskantin; France: Mysoline; Germany: Liskantin, Mylepsinum, Primidon; Greece: Mysoline; Hungary: Sertan; Ireland: Mysoline; Italy: Mysoline; Luxembourg: Liskantin, Mysoline; Netherlands: Mysoline; Poland: Mizodin; Portugal: Mysoline; Spain: Mysoline; Sweden: Mysoline; UK: Mysoline.
North America
Canada: Primidone; USA: Mysoline, Primidone.
Latin America
Argentina: Mysoline; Brazil: Mysoline, Primidon; Mexico: Mysoline.
Asia
Japan: Primidone.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Primidone: C~12~H~14~N~2~O~2~. Mw: 218.25. (1) 4,6(1H,5H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-ethyldihydro-5-phenyl-; (2) 5-Ethyldihydro-5-phenyl-4,6(1H,5H)-pyrimidinedione. CAS-125-33-7.
Pharmacologic Category
Anticonvulsants; Barbiturates. (ATC-Code: N03AA03).
Mechanism of action
Decreases neuron excitability, raises seizure threshold similar to phenobarbital. Primidone has two active metabolites, phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide.
Therapeutic use
Management of grand mal, psychomotor, and focal seizures.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Crosses placenta. Dysmorphic facial features, hemorrhagic disease of newborn due to fetal vitamin K depletion, maternal folic acid deficiency may occur. Enters breast milk. Sedation and feeding problems may occur in nursing infants (use with caution).
Unlabeled use
Benign familial tremor (essential tremor).
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to primidone, phenobarbital, or any component of the formulation. Porphyria. Pregnancy.
Warnings and precautions
CNS depression. Use with caution in depression or suicidal tendencies, hepatic impairment, hypoadrenalism, renal impairment, and respiratory disease. Potential for drug dependency exists (use with caution in history of drug abuse). Tolerance or psychological and physical dependence may occur with prolonged use. Effects with other sedative drugs or ethanol may be potentiated. Use with caution in debilitated patients, the elderly, and in children (may cause paradoxical responses in these groups). Phenobarbital, metabolite of primidone, associated with cognitive deficits in children. Do not administer in acute pain. Anticonvulsants should not be discontinued abruptly.