Sulfacetamide
- Atc Codes:S01AB04
- CAS Codes:6209-17-2#127-56-0#144-80-9
- PHARMGKB ID:6209-17-2#127-56-0#144-80-9
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Drug Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Cetazin; Belgium: Antebor, Anginamide; Czech Republic: Sulphacetamide; Greece: Sulfacetamide Sodium; Ireland: Bleph-10; Italy: Sulfac S; Luxembourg: Antebor, Isopto Cetamide; Poland: Sulfacetamidum; Slovakia: Sulphacetamide.
North America
Canada: AK-Sulf, Bleph 10, Diosulf, Sulfacetamide Sod, Sulfacetamide Sodium, Sodium Sulamyd; USA: Bleph, Cetamide, Klaron, Sulfacetamide Sodium.
Latin America
Argentina: Dermaseb; Mexico: Examida, Isoftalmol Sulfacetamida, Sodamida, Sul 10, Sulfacetamid Ofteno, Sulfacetamida.
Drug combinations
Sulfacetamide and Prednisolone
Sulfacetamide, Neomycin, and Prednisolone
Sulfacetamide, Prednisolone, and Sodium Phosphate
Chemistry
Sulfacetamide Sodium: C~8~H~9~N~2~NaO~3~S H~2~O. Mw: 254.24. (1) Acetamide, N-[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]-, monosodium salt, monohydrate; (2) N-Sulfanilylacetamide monosodium salt monohydrate. CAS-6209-17-2; CAS-127-56-0 (anhydrous); CAS-144-80-9 (sulfacetamide).
Pharmacologic Category
EENT Preparations; Antibacterials. Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents; Antibacterials. Ophthalmic Antibiotic. Sulfonamide Derivative Antibiotic. Topical Skin Product (Acne). (ATC-Code: S01AB04).
Mechanism of action
Usually bacteriostatic, but may be bactericidal at very high concentrations. Sulfonamides interfere with utilization of aminobenzoic or aminobenzoic glutamic acids by susceptible organisms, thus inhibiting biosynthesis of folic acid which is essential for growth. Only organisms which synthesize their own folic acid are inhibited by sulfonamides. Antibacterial activity is decreased in presence of blood or purulent exudates containing p-aminobenzoic acid. Active against Gram-positive aerobic bacteria such as S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, and viridans streptococci. Many staphylococci are resistant. Active against Gram-negative aerobic bacteria such as H. influenzae, Enterobacter, E. coli, and Klebsiella. Cross-resistance usually occurs among various sulfonamides.
Therapeutic use
Conjunctivitis due to susceptible organisms, corneal ulcers, adjunctive treatment with systemic sulfonamides for therapy of trachoma. Scaling dermatosis (seborrheic), bacterial skin infections, acne vulgaris.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Animal reproduction studies not conducted and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women. Use of systemic sulfonamides during pregnancy may cause kernicterus in newborn. Amount of systemic absorption following topical administration unknown. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excretion in breast milk unknown (use with caution).
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to sulfacetamide, sulfonamides, or any component of the formulation.
Warnings and precautions
Severe reactions including agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia and other blood dyscrasias occurred with sulfonamides (regardless of route). Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis occurred with sulfonamides (regardless of route). Fatalities associated with fulminant hepatic necrosis occurred with sulfonamides (regardless of route). Chemical similarities are present among sulfonamides, sulfonylureas, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, thiazides, and loop diuretics (except ethacrynic acid; risk for cross-reactions). Inactivated by purulent exudates containing para-aminobenzoic acid (use with caution in severe dry eye; ointment may retard corneal epithelial healing; ophthalmic presentation is for topical application to eye only; not for injection). Use caution if applied to denuded or abraded skin. Some products contain sodium metabisulfite, which may cause allergic reactions in certain individuals. For external use only; avoid contact with eyes.