Testosterone
- Atc Codes:G03BA03
- CAS Codes:58-20-8#315-37-7
- PHARMGKB ID:58-20-8#315-37-7
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Substrate of
- Inhibits
- Induces
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Andriol, Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido, Testogel, Tostran; Belgium: Androgel, Itnogen, Nebido, Testim, Testocaps; Bulgaria: Nebido, Omnadren; Cyprus: Nebido, Restandol; Czech Republic: Agovirin, Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido, Sustanon, Testopatch, Tostran, Undestor; Denmark: Andriol, Nebido, Testim, Testogel, Tostran; Estonia: Andriol, Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido; Finland: Nebido, Panteston, Testogel, Tostran; France: Androgel, Androtardyl, Fortigel, Intrinsa (d), Nebido, Pantestone, Testopatch; Germany: Andriol, Androtop, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido, Striant, Testim, Testocur, Testogel, Testopatch, Testosteron, Testoviron, Tostran; Greece: Androgel, Nebido, Restandol, Testim, Testogel, Testopatch, Testosterone, Testoviron, Tostran; Hungary: Andriol, Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Nebido, Tostran; Ireland: Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido, Restandol, Testim, Testogel, Testosterone, Tostran; Italy: Andriol, Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Nebid, Striant, Testim, Testo Enant, Testogel, Testopatch, Testovis, Tostrex; Latvia: Andriol, Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido; Lithuania: Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido; Luxembourg: Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Testogel, Testotop; Malta: Androgel, Andropatch, Restandol, Testosterone; Netherlands: Andriol, Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido, Testim, Testogel, Tostran; Poland: Androtop, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido, Omnadren, Testopatch, Testo-żel, Testosteronum Prolongatum, Tostran, Undestor; Portugal: Andriol-T, Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido, Testim, Testogel, Testopatch, Tostran; Romania: Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido, Undestor; Slovakia: Agovirin, Androgel, Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido, Tostran, Undestor; Slovenia: Androtop, Nebido; Spain: Intrinsa (d), Itnogen, Reandron, Testex, Testim, Testogel, Testopatch; Sweden: Intrinsa (d), Livensa (d), Nebido, Testim, Testogel, Tostrex, Undestor; UK: Andropatch, Intrinsa (d), Nebido, Restandol, Testim, Testogel, Testosterone, Tostran, Virormone.
North America
Canada: Andriol, Androderm, Androgel, Delatestryl, Testim, Testosterone; USA: Androderm, Androgel, Axiron, Delatestryl, Fortesta, Striant, Testim, Testosterone.
Latin America
Argentina: Androlone, Androtag, Nebido, Testex Prolongatum, Testoviron, Undestor; Brazil: Androxon, Deposteron, Durateston, Nebido; Mexico: Andriol, Lowtiyel, Primoteston, Testoprim.
Asia
Japan: Bothermon, Enarmon, Testinon, Testosterone, Testron.
Drug combinations
Testosterone and Estradiol
Testosterone and Estrogen
Chemistry
Testosterone Cypionate: C~27~H~40~O~3~. Mw: 412.60. (1) Androst-4-en-3-one, 17-(3-cyclopentyl-1-oxopropoxy)-, (17β)-; (2) Testosterone cyclopentanepropionate. CAS-58-20-8.
Testosterone Enanthate: C~26~H~40~O~3~. Mw: 400.59. (1) Androst-4-en-3-one, 17-(1-oxoheptyl)oxy-, (17β)-; (2) Testosterone heptanoate. CAS-315-37-7.
Pharmacologic Category
Hormones and Synthetic Substitutes; Androgens. (ATC-Code: G03BA03).
Mechanism of action
Principal endogenous androgen responsible for promoting growth and development of male sex organs and maintaining secondary sex characteristics in androgen-deficient males.
Therapeutic use
Androgen replacement therapy in treatment of delayed male puberty. Male hypogonadism (primary or hypogonadotropic). Inoperable metastatic female breast cancer (enanthate only). Replacement therapy in impotence or for male climacteric symptoms due to androgen deficiency.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Testosterone may cause adverse effects, including masculinization of the female fetus, if used during pregnancy. Females who are or may become pregnant should avoid skin-to-skin contact to areas where testosterone has been applied topically on another person. Contraindicated in nursing women.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to testosterone or any component of the formulation. Males with breast or prostate carcinoma. Pregnancy or women who may become pregnant. Breast-feeding. Contraindicated in hepatic, renal, or cardiac disease. Hypercalcemia. Nephrosis or nephritic phase of nephritis. Prepubertal males. Patients easily sexually stimulated.
Warnings and precautions
May cause gynecomastia. Prolonged use of high doses of androgens associated with serious hepatic effects (peliosis hepatis, hepatic neoplasms, cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice). May cause hypercalcemia in prolonged immobilization or cancer. May alter serum cholesterol. Use caution with history of MI or coronary artery disease. Has both androgenic and anabolic activity; anabolic action may enhance hypoglycemia. May increase risk of prostate cancer. Large doses may suppress spermatogenesis. Urethral obstruction may develop in BPH. Use with caution in conditions influenced by edema (e.g. cardiovascular disease, migraine, seizure disorder, renal impairment); may cause fluid retention. May potentiate sleep apnea in some male patients (obesity or chronic lung disease). May accelerate bone maturation without producing compensatory gain in linear growth in children. Some dosage forms may contain benzyl alcohol (associated with «gasping syndrome» in neonates). Testosterone may be transferred to another person following skin-to-skin contact with application site. Virilization of female sexual partners reported with male use of the topical gel. Some testosterone products may be chemically synthesized from soy. Transdermal patch may contain conducting metal (e.g. aluminum).