Trihexyphenidyl
- Atc Codes:N04AA01
- CAS Codes:52-49-3#144-11-6
- PHARMGKB ID:52-49-3#144-11-6
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Belgium: Artane; Cyprus: Benzhexol; Estonia: Cyclodol, Parkopan; France: Artane, Parkinane, Trihexy; Germany: Artane, Parkopan; Greece: Artane, Benzexol; Italy: Artane; Latvia: Cyclodol, Parkopan; Lithuania: Cyclodol, Parkopan; Luxembourg: Artane; Malta: Benzhexol; Netherlands: Artane; Poland: Parkopan; Portugal: Artane; Romania: Romparkin; Spain: Artane; Sweden: Pargitan; UK: Broflex.
North America
Canada: Apo-Trihex, Trihexyphenidyl; USA: Trihexyphenidyl.
Latin America
Argentina: Artane, Trihexifenidilo, Trihexyphen; Brazil: Artane, Triexidyl; Mexico: Hipokinon, Kexidil.
Asia
Japan: Artane, Pakisonal, Parkines, Pyramistin, Sedrena, Stobrun, Tremin, Trihexin, Triphedinon.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride: C~20~H~31~NO HCl. Mw: 337.93. (1) 1-Piperidinepropanol, α-cyclohexyl-α-phenyl-, hydrochloride, (±)-; (2)(±)-α-Cyclohexyl-α-phenyl-1-piperidinepropanol hydrochloride. CAS-52-49-3; CAS-144-11-6 (trihexyphenidyl).
Pharmacologic Category
Antiparkinsonian Agents; Anticholinergic Agents. (ATC-Code: N04AA01).
Mechanism of action
Exerts direct inhibitory effect on parasympathetic nervous system. Also has relaxing effect on smooth musculature; exerted both directly on muscle itself and indirectly through parasympathetic nervous system (inhibitory effect).
Therapeutic use
Adjunctive treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Use with caution in pregnancy and in nursing women.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to trihexyphenidyl or any component of the formulation. Narrow-angle glaucoma. Pyloric or duodenal obstruction. Stenosing peptic ulcers. Bladder neck obstructions. Achalasia. Myasthenia gravis.
Warnings and precautions
May cause anhidrosis and hyperthermia, which may be severe (use with caution especially when administered concomitantly with other atropine-like drugs to chronically-ill patients, alcoholics, patients with CNS disease, or persons doing manual labor in a hot environment). When given in large doses or to susceptible patients, may cause weakness and inability to move particular muscle groups. Use with caution in tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, or hypotension; also in obstructive disease of GI tract, in glaucoma, and in hepatic or renal impairment. Mental illness may exacerbate mental symptoms when used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms. Use with caution in prostatic hyperplasia and/or urinary stricture or retention. Does not relieve symptoms of tardive dyskinesia.