Zopiclone
- Atc Codes:N05CF01
- CAS Codes:43200-80-2
- PHARMGKB ID:43200-80-2
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Other genes that may be involved
- Substrate of
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Somnal; Belgium: Imovane, Zopiclone; Bulgaria: Zopiclon; Czech Republic: Zopitin; Denmark: Imoclone, Imovane, Imozop, Zopiclone; Estonia: Imovane, Somnols, Zopitin; Finland: Imovane, Zopiclone, Zopiklon, Zopinox, Zopitin; France: Imovane, Zoplicone; Germany: Espa Dorm, Imovane, Optidorm, Somnosan, Ximovan, Zodurat, Zopi, Zopicalm, Zopiclon; Greece: Imovane; Hungary: Imovane, Zopigen; Ireland: Zileze, Zimoclone, Zimovane, Zopicalm, Zoplicone, Zopitan; Italy: Imovane, Nenia, Zoplicone; Latvia: Imovane; Lithuania: Imovane, Somnols, Zopitin; Luxembourg: Imovane, Zoplicone; Netherlands: Imovane, Zoplicon; Poland: Imovane, Zopiclon, Zopiratio; Romania: Imovane, Zopiclona; Spain: Datolán, Limován, Siatén, Zopicalma; Slovakia: Zopiclon, Zopitin; Sweden: Imovane, Zoplicone, Zopiklon; UK: Zimovane, Zoplicone.
North America
Canada: Imovane, Rhovane, Zoplicone.
Latin America
Argentina: Foltrán, Imovane, Insomnium, Zopiclona; Brazil: Imovane, Zoplicona.
Asia
Japan: Amoban, Amobantes, Antomylin, Dopareel, Metrom, Slowheim, Zopiban, Zopiclone, Zopicool.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Zopiclone: C~17~H~17~ClN~6~O~3~. Mw: 388.81. 4-Methyl-1-piperazinecarboxylic acid ester with 6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-one. CAS-43200-80-2.
Pharmacologic Category
Anxiolytics, Sedatives, and Hypnotics; Miscellaneous. Nonbenzodiazepine Hypnotic. (ATC-Code: N05CF01).
Mechanism of action
Reduces sleep latency, increases duration of sleep, and decreases number of nocturnal awakenings.
Therapeutic use
Symptomatic relief of transient and short-term insomnia.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Benzodiazepines may cause congenital malformations during 1^st^ trimester and neonatal CNS depression during last few weeks of pregnancy (it is expected zopiclone may do the same). Use of zopiclone not recommended while breast-feeding.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to zopiclone or any component of the formulation. Patients with severe respiratory impairment (e.g. sleep apnea). Pregnancy.
Warnings and precautions
Hypnotics/sedatives associated with abnormal thinking and behavior changes including decreased inhibition, aggression, bizarre behavior, agitation, hallucinations, and depersonalization. Amnesia can occur. May cause CNS depression. Use with caution in depression, in history of drug dependence, in hepatic impairment, and in respiratory compromise, COPD, or sleep apnea. Use with caution in patients receiving other CNS depressants or psychoactive medication (effects with other sedative drugs or ethanol may be potentiated), in patients taking strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, and in the elderly (more susceptible to adverse reactions (confusion)). Should not be administered for more than 7-10 days consecutively (failure of sleep disturbance to resolve after 7-10 days may indicate psychiatric and/or medical illness). Rapid onset of action. Abrupt discontinuance may lead to withdrawal symptoms.