Diazoxide
- Atc Codes:C02DA01#V03AH01
- CAS Codes:364-98-7
- PHARMGKB ID:364-98-7
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
France: Proglicem; Germany: Proglicem; Greece: Eudemide, Hyperstat, Proglycem; Italy: Proglicem; Luxembourg: Hyperstat; Netherlands: Proglicem; UK: Eudemine.
North America
Canada: Proglycem; USA: Proglycem.
Latin America
Argentina: Proglicem; Brazil: Tensuril; Mexico: Diazoxido.
Asia
Japan: Aroglycem.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Diazoxide: C~8~H~7~ClN~2~O~2~S. Mw: 230.67. (1) 2H-1,2,4-Benzothiadiazine, 7-chloro-3-methyl-, 1,1-dioxide; (2) 7-Chloro-3-methyl-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide. CAS-364-98-7 (1962).
Pharmacologic Category
Hypotensive Agents; Direct Vasodilators. Hypoglycemia Antidote. (ATC-Code: C02DA01; V03AH01).
Mechanism of action
Activates potassium channels. Inhibits insulin release from the pancreas.
Therapeutic use
In hypertensive crises for emergency lowering of blood pressure in adults with severe, nonmalignant and malignant (severe accelerated) hypertension and in children with acute severe hypertension. Short-term use in hospitalization. In malignant hypertension associated with renal impairment. Management of hypoglycemia caused by hyperinsulinism associated with inoperable islet cell adenoma or carcinoma, or extrapancreatic malignancy in adults, and with leucine sensitivity, islet cell hyperplasia, nesidioblastosis, extrapancreatic malignancy, islet cell adenoma, or adenomatosis in infants and children.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
The adverse effects of diazoxide on normal fetal development may occur as a result of altered glucose metabolism. Should be used during pregnancy only when potential benefits justify possible risks to the fetus.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to diazoxide, thiazides, or other sulfonamide derivatives. Functional hypoglycemia.
Warnings and precautions
May lead to increased fluid retention and may precipitate congestive heart failure in compromised cardiac reserve. Caution in hyperuricemia or history of gout, hepatic, or renal impairment. Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma or ketoacidosis may occur during treatment usually in concomitant illness. Transient cataracts reported (subside following correction of hyperosmolarity). Caution in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia (may displace bilirubin from albumin).