Glucagon
- Atc Codes:H04AA01
- CAS Codes:16941-32-5
- PHARMGKB ID:16941-32-5
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Toxicological Effects
- Genes that may be involved
- Inhibits
- Drug Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: GlucaGen; Belgium: GlucaGen; Bulgaria: GlucaGen Hypokit; Cyprus: GlucaGen Hypokit; Denmark: GlucaGen; Estonia: GlucaGen Hypokit; Finland: GlucaGen; France: GlucaGen; Germany: GlucaGen; Greece: GlucaGen, Glucagon; Hungary: GlucaGen; Ireland: GlucaGen Hypokit; Italy: GlucaGen; Latvia: GlucaGen; Lithuania: GlucaGen Hypokit; Luxembourg: GlucaGen; Malta: GlucaGen; Netherlands: GlucaGen; Poland: Glucagen, Glucagon; Portugal: GlucaGen; Romania: GlucaGen Hypokit; Slovakia: GlucaGen Hypokit; Slovenia: GlucoGen Hypokit; Spain: GlucaGen Hypokit; Sweden: Glucagon; UK: GlucaGen Hypokit.
North America
Canada: Glucagon; USA: GlucaGen, Glucagon.
Latin America
Argentina: Glucagen Hypokit, Glucagon Recombinante; Brazil: Glucagen Hypokit; Mexico: R-Glucagon.
Asia
Japan: Glucagon.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Glucagon: C~153~H~225~N~43~O~49~S. Mw: 3482.75. Glucagon (pig). CAS-16941-32-5.
Pharmacologic Category
Antihypoglycemic Agents; Glycogenolytic Agents. Antidotes. (ATC-Code: H04AA01).
Mechanism of action
Glucagon, an antihypoglycemic agent, is a hormone synthesized and secreted by α~2~-cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, which increases blood glucose concentration by stimulating hepatic glycogenolysis.
Therapeutic use
Glucagon is used for emergency treatment of severe hypoglycemia.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Not known whether glucagon is distributed into milk (use with caution).
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to glucagon or any component of the formulation. Insulinoma. Pheochromocytoma.
Warnings and precautions
I.V. administration may produce initial increase in blood glucose concentrations in insulinoma; however, insulinoma may release insulin and secondary hypoglycemia may occur. Glucagon (rDNA origin) contraindicated in insulinoma. Use contraindicated in known pheochromocytoma. Hypersensitivity reactions possible. Allergic reactions, including rash, urticaria, respiratory distress, and rarely, hypotension and anaphylaxis with respiratory distress reported. Use with caution in conditions associated with reduced concentrations of releasable glucose in liver (e.g. prolonged fasting, starvation, adrenal insufficiency, chronic hypoglycemia). Use with caution in diabetes. Possible tachycardia and hypertension. Use with caution to inhibit GI motility in geriatric patients with known cardiac disease. Use with caution in adrenal insufficiency, chronic hypoglycemia, prolonged fasting and/or starvation (levels of glucose stores in liver may be decreased). May contain lactose (avoid administration in hereditary galactose intolerance, Lapp lactase deficiency, or glucose-galactose malabsorption).