Amikacin
- Atc Codes:D06AX12#J01GB06#S01AA21
- CAS Codes:37517-28-5#39831-55-5
- PHARMGKB ID:37517-28-5#39831-55-5
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Biklin; Belgium: Amukin; Bulgaria: Amikacin, Amikin; Cyprus: Amika-Synto, Selemycin; Czech Republic: Amikin; Estonia: Amikin; Finland: Biklin; France: Amikacine, Amiklin; Germany: Amikacin, Biklin; Greece: Amicasil, Amikacin, Amikan, Biorisan, Briklin, Brucelin, Durocin, Farcyclin, Flexelite, Fromentyl, Kancin-Gap, Lanomycin, Lifermycin, Likacin, Micalpha, Orlobin, Remikin, Rovericlin, Uzix, Xylanal; Hungary: Amikin, Likacin; Italy: Amicasil, Amikacina, Amikan, Chemacin, Dramigel, Likacin, Lukadin, Mediamik, Migracin, Mikan, Nekacin; Latvia: Amikin; Lithuania: Amikacin, Amikin, Biodacyna; Luxembourg: Amukin; Malta: Uzix; Netherlands: Amikin, Biodacyna; Poland: Amikin, Biodacyna; Portugal: Amic, Amicacina, Amikacina, Biclin, Kamina; Romania: Amikin, Amikozit, Biodacyna, Orlobin; Slovakia: Amikin; Spain: Amicacina, Amikacina; Sweden: Biklin; UK: Amikacin, Amikin.
North America
Canada: Amikacin; USA: Amikacin.
Latin America
Argentina: Amicacina, Amikacina, Greini, Riklinak; Brazil: Amicacina, Amicilon, Klebicil, Novamin B-MS; Mexico: A.M.K., Agnicin, Akacin, Amicina, Amikacina, Amikafur, Amikason’s, Amikavi, Amikayect, Amikin, Amiyec, Beramikin, Biclin, Biokacin, Gamikal, Kafran, Kana, Karmikin, Libamic, Oprad, Sermicina, Tetralin, Yectamid.
Asia
Japan: Amikacin, Amikamycin, AMK, Belmaton A, Biklin, Brekacin, Cashimy, Prutetucin, Romikacin.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Amikacin: C~22~H~43~N~5~O~13~. Mw: 585.60. (1) D-Streptamine, O-3-amino-3-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-[6-amino-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-N^1^-(4-amino-2-hydroxy-1-oxobutyl)-2-deoxy-, (S)-; (2) O-3-Amino-3-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-[6-amino-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-N^3^-(4-amino-L-2-hydroxybutyryl)-2-deoxy-L-streptamine. CAS-37517-28-5.
Amikacin Sulfate: C~22~H~43~N~5~O~13~ 2H~2~SO~4~. Mw: 781.76. O-3-Amino-3-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-[6-amino-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-N3-(4-amino-L-2-hydroxybutyryl)-2-deoxy-L-streptamine sulfate (1:2). CAS-39831-55-5 (1973).
Pharmacologic Category
Anti-Infective Agents; Antibacterials; Aminoglycosides. (ATC-Code: D06AX12; J01GB06; S01AA21).
Mechanism of action
Inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria.
Therapeutic use
Treatment of serious infections due to Pseudomonas, Proteus, Serratia, and other Gram-negative bacilli. Infection of susceptible mycobacterial organisms.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
It is not known whether amikacin can cause fetal harm. Pregnant women have an average-to-larger volume of distribution which may result in lower peak serum levels than for the same dose in nonpregnant women. Serum half-life is also shorter. Amikacin is excreted into breast milk in trace amounts; however, it is not absorbed when taken orally. This limited oral absorption may minimize exposure to the nursing infant.
Unlabeled use
Bacterial endophthalmitis.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to amikacin sulfate or any component of the formulation. Cross-sensitivity with other aminoglycosides.
Warnings and precautions
May cause nephrotoxicity (risk factors include pre-existing renal impairment, concomitant nephrotoxic medications, advanced age and dehydration). Neuromuscular blockade and respiratory paralysis might occur (especially when given soon after anesthesia or muscle relaxants). May cause neurotoxicity or ototoxicity. Fungal or bacterial superinfection might occur with prolonged use. Use with caution in hearing impairment, hypocalcemia, neuromuscular disorders (myasthenia gravis), renal impairment or sulfite allergy (solution contains sodium metabisulfate).