Cefotaxime
- Atc Codes:J01DD01
- CAS Codes:64485-93-4#63527-52-6
- PHARMGKB ID:64485-93-4#63527-52-6
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Inhibits
- Drug Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Cefotaxim, Claforan, Tirotax; Belgium: Cefotaxim, Claforan; Bulgaria: Abricef, Cefotaxime, Claforan; Cyprus: Syntoxime, Valoran; Czech Republic: Cefotaxime, Ceftax, Sefotak; Denmark: Cefotaxime; Estonia: Cefotaxime, Valoran; France: Cefotaxime, Claforan; Germany: Cefotaxim, Claforan; Greece: Cefotaxima, Cefotaxime, Ciltiren, Claforan, Flemycin, Gloryfen, Letynol, Naspor, Phacocef, Solubilax, Spirosine, Stoparen; Hungary: Cefalekol, Claforan, Tirotax; Ireland: Cefotaxime, Claforan; Italy: Aximad, Batixim, Cefomit, Cefotaxima, Cefotaxime, Delius, Lirgosin, Refotax, Salocef, Taxime, Zimanel, Zariviz; Latvia: Cefotaxime, Novatax-SIA Unifarma, Valoran; Lithuania: Abricef, Biotaksym, Cefotaxime; Luxembourg: Claforan; Malta: Cefotaxime, Claforan, Gloryfen; Netherlands: Cefotaxim, Cefotaxime, Claforan, Tirotax; Poland: Biotaksym, Cefotaxim, Cefotaxime, Claforan, Rantaksym, Tarcefoksym; Portugal: Antadar, Cefotaxima, Ralopar, Resibelacta; Romania: Cefotax, Cefotaxima, Sefotak; Slovakia: Abricef, Cefotaxime; Slovenia: Cefotaksim, Makrocef; Spain: Cefotaxima, Claforan; Sweden: Cefotaxim, Claforan; UK: Cefotaxime, Claforan.
North America
Canada: Claforan; USA: Cefotaxime, Claforan.
Latin America
Argentina: Cefacolín, Cefotaxima, Terasep; Brazil: Ceforan, Cefotaxima, Claforan, Clafordil, Kefaxim, Losporin, Taxima; Mexico: Baxytax, Biosint, Cefotaxima, Cefotex, Cefradil, Ceftomax, Claforan, Fot-Amsa, Fotexina, Sefoxiram, Sepsilem, Taporin, Tebruxim, Tecnoxima IV, Tirotax, Xendin.
Asia
Japan: Cefotax, Claforan.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Cefotaxime Sodium: C~16~H~16~N~5~NaO~7~S~2~. Mw: 477.45. (1) 5-Thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid, 3-[(acetyloxy)methyl]-7-[[(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino]-8-oxo-, monosodium salt, [6R-[6α,7β(Z)]]-; (2) Sodium (6R,7R)-7-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)glyoxylamido]-3-(hydroxymethyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate 7^2^-(Z)-(O-methyloxime), acetate. CAS-64485-93-4; CAS-63527-52-6 (cefotaxime)(1979).
Pharmacologic Category
Antibacterials; Third Generation Cephalosporins. (ATC-Code: J01DD01).
Mechanism of action
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins. Active in vitro and in clinical infections against Gram-positive aerobic bacteria, such as S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes (group A β-hemolytic streptococci), S. agalactiae (group B streptococci), S. aureus (including β-lactamase-producing strains), and some enterococci (e.g. Enterococcus faecalis). Also active in vitro against some viridans streptococci. Oxacillin-resistant (methicillin-resistant) staphylococci and some enterococci are resistant. Active in vitro and in clinical infections against Gram-negative aerobic bacteria such as Acinetobacter, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, E. coli, H. influenzae (including ampicillin-resistant strains), H. parainfluenzae, Klebsiella, M. morganii, N. gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, P. rettgeri, P. stuartii, and Serratia. Also active in vitro against Campylobacter, Capnocytophaga, Eikenella corrodens, Moraxella, Salmonella, Shigella, and Vibrio vulnificus. Active against some strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but less active against susceptible Ps. aeruginosa than ceftazidime. It is active in vitro and in clinical infections against anaerobes and other organisms such as Bacteroides, Eubacterium, Fusobacterium, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Propionibacterium, Veillonella, some strains of Clostridium, and the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Inactive against Chlamydia, fungi, and viruses.
Therapeutic use
Susceptible infection in respiratory tract, skin and skin structure, bone and joint, urinary tract, gynecologic as well as septicemia, and documented or suspected meningitis.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Teratogenic effects not observed in animal studies. Cefotaxime crosses placenta and can be found in fetal tissue.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to cefotaxime, any component of the formulation, or other cephalosporins.
Warnings and precautions
A potentially life-threatening arrhythmia has been reported in patients who received a rapid bolus injection via central line. Granulocytopenia and more rarely agranulocytosis may develop during prolonged treatment (>10 days). Use with caution in history of penicillin allergy, especially IgE-mediated reactions (e.g. anaphylaxis, angioedema, urticaria). Prolonged use may result in fungal or bacterial superinfection, including C. difficile-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. Use with caution in renal impairment. May cause positive direct Coombs’, false-positive urinary glucose test using cupric sulfate, false-positive serum or urine creatinine with Jaffé reaction.