Celecoxib

Table of contents

  • Brand Names
  • Chemistry
  • Pharmacologic Category
  • Mechanism of Action
  • Therapeutic Use
  • Unlabeled Use
  • Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
  • Contraindications
  • Warnings and Precautions
  • Adverse Reactions
  • Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
  • Other genes that may be involved
  • Substrate of
  • Inhibits
  • Drug Interactions
  • Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
  • Dosage
  • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
  • Special Considerations

Brand Names

Europe

Austria: Celebrex, Onsenal; Belgium: Celebrex; Bulgaria: Celebrex, Onsenal; Cyprus: Celebrex; Czech Republic: Celebrex, Onsenal; Denmark: Celebra, Celebrex, Onsenal; Estonia: Celebrex, Onsenal; Finland: Celebra, Onsenal; France: Celebrex; Germany: Celebrex, Onsenal; Greece: Aclarex, Celebrex, Onsenal; Hungary: Celebrex, Onsenal; Ireland: Celebrex, Onsenal; Italy: Artilog, Celebrex; Latvia: Celebrex, Onsenal; Lithuania: Celebrex, Onsenal; Malta: Celebrex, Onsenal; Netherlands: Celebrex, Onsenal; Poland: Celebrex, Onsenal; Portugal: Celebrex, Onsenal, Solexa; Romania: Celebrex, Onsenal; Slovakia: Celebrex, Onsenal; Slovenia: Celebrex, Onsenal; Spain: Artilog, Celebrex, Onsenal; Sweden: Celebra, Celora, Onsenal, Solexa; UK: Celebrex.

North America

Canada: Celebrex; USA: Celebrex.

Latin America

Argentina: Celebrex, Celecoxib, Coxtenk; Brazil: Celebra; Mexico: Celebrex.

Asia

Japan: Celecox.

Drug combinations

Chemistry

Celecoxib: C~17~H~14~F~3~N~3~O~2~S. Mw: 381.37. (1) 4-[5-(4-Methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzenesulfonamide; (2) p-[5-p-tolyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]benzenesulfonamide. CAS-169590-42-5 (1998).

Pharmacologic Category

Analgesics and Antipyretics; Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents; Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Inhibitors. (ATC-Code: L01XX33; M01AH01).

Mechanism of action

Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic actions. No effect on platelets at usual therapeutic doses. May reduce risk of colon cancer. Celecoxib inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by decreasing the activity of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2/PTGS2), but does not inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1/PTGS1) at therapeutic concentrations. Lower risk of gastrointestinal ulceration than prototypical NSAIDs.

Therapeutic use

Relief of the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Acute pain. Primary dysmenorrhea. To reduce the number of intestinal polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis.

Pregnancy and lactiation implications

Teratogenic effects observed in animal studies. Avoid use in the 3^rd^ trimester of pregnancy due to risk of premature closure of the ductus arteriosus. Enters breast milk (not recommended during lactation).

Unlabeled use

Prevention of colorectal adenomas in patients without history of familial adenomatous polyposis.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to celecoxib, sulfonamides, aspirin, other NSAIDs, or any component of the formulation. Perioperative pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass surgery. Pregnancy (3^rd^ trimester).

Warnings and precautions

Anaphylactic reactions and angioedema might occur (patients with «aspirin triad» (bronchial asthma, aspirin intolerance, rhinitis) may be at increased risk). Do not use in patients who experience bronchospasm, asthma, rhinitis, or urticaria with NSAID or aspirin therapy. NSAIDs are associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular thrombotic events, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and new onset or worsening of pre-existing hypertension. May cause sodium and fluid retention (caution in heart failure, edema or hypertension). NSAIDs may increase risk of gastrointestinal irritation, ulceration, bleeding, and perforation (caution with history of gastrointestinal disease, concurrent therapy with aspirin, anticoagulants and/or corticosteroids, smoking, use of alcohol, the elderly or debilitated patients). NSAIDs may cause serious skin adverse events (exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis). Use with caution in known or suspected deficiency of CYP2C9 (poor metabolizers may have higher plasma levels due to reduced metabolism). Use with caution in moderate hepatic impairment (avoid use if severe hepatic impairment). Severe hepatic reactions (e.g. fulminant hepatitis, hepatic necrosis, jaundice, liver failure) might occur. May compromise existing renal function (reduction in prostaglandin synthesis may cause a reduction in renal blood flow which may cause renal decompensation; higher risk in impaired renal function, dehydration, heart failure, liver dysfunction, consumption of diuretics and ACEI, and the elderly; long-term NSAID use may result in renal papillary necrosis). When used for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, celecoxib is not FDA-approved in children <2 years of age or in children <10 kg. Caution in systemic-onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (risk for disseminated intravascular coagulation).

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