Cycloserine
- Atc Codes:J04AB01
- CAS Codes:68-41-7
- PHARMGKB ID:68-41-7
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Greece: Cycloserine, Seromycin; Italy: Cicloser; Malta: Cycloserine; UK: Cycloserine.
North America
USA: Seromycin.
Asia
Japan: Cycloserine.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Cycloserine: C~3~H~6~N~2~O~2~. Mw: 102.09. 3-Isoxazolidinone, 4-amino-, (R)-. CAS-68-41-7.
Pharmacologic Category
Antimycobacterials; Antituberculosis Agents. (ATC-Code: J04AB01).
Mechanism of action
May be bacteriostatic or bactericidal in action. Inhibits cell wall synthesis in susceptible organisms by competing with D-alanine for incorporation into the bacterial cell wall. Active against mycobacteria such as M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, and some strains of M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. ulcerans, M. avium complex, M. smegmatis, and M. intracellulare. Active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter, and Escherichia coli.
Therapeutic use
Adjunctive treatment in pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Acute urinary tract infections caused by E. coli or Enterobacter species.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Cycloserine crosses the placenta. Safety of the drug in pregnant women not confirmed. Should be used for treatment of tuberculosis during pregnancy only when there are no suitable alternatives. Distributed into milk.
Unlabeled use
Treatment of Gaucher’s disease.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to cycloserine or any component. Epilepsy, depression, severe anxiety or psychosis. Severe renal insufficiency. Chronic alcoholism.
Warnings and precautions
Has been associated with CNS toxicity (seizures, psychosis, depression, and confusion). Prolonged use may result in fungal or bacterial superinfection, including C. difficile-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. Use with caution in the following cases: history of chronic alcoholism (risk of seizures), depression, severe anxiety, and/or psychosis, renal impairment, history of seizure disorder, potential folate deficiency (malnourished, chronic anticonvulsant therapy, or elderly).