Demeclocycline
- Atc Codes:D06AA01#J01AA01
- CAS Codes:127-33-3#13215-10-6#64-73-3
- PHARMGKB ID:127-33-3#13215-10-6#64-73-3
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
France: Alkonatrem; Greece: Demeclocycline, Ledermycin; Luxembourg: Ledermycin; Netherlands: Ledermycin; Romania: Lederdental.
North America
USA: Declomycin, Demeclocycline.
Asia
Japan: Ledermycin.
Drug combinations
Demeclocycline and Triamcinolone
Chemistry
Demeclocycline: C~21~H~21~ClN~2~O~8~. Mw: 464.85. (1) 2-Naphthacenecarboxamide, 7-chloro-4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-1,11-dioxo-, [4S-(4α,4aα,5aα,6β,12aα)]-; (2) 7-Chloro-4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-1,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenecarboxamide. CAS-127-33-3; CAS-13215-10-6 (sesquihydrate).
Demeclocycline Hydrochloride: C~21~H~21~ClN~2~O~8~ HCl. Mw: 501.31. 2-Naphthacenecarboxamide, 7-chloro-4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-1,11-dioxo-, monohydrochloride, [4S-(4α,4aα,5aα,6β,12aα)]-. CAS-64-73-3.
Pharmacologic Category
Antibacterials; Tetracyclines. (ATC-Code: D06AA01; J01AA01).
Mechanism of action
Inhibits protein synthesis by binding with the 30S and possibly the 50S ribosomal subunit(s) of susceptible bacteria. May also cause alterations in the cytoplasmic membrane. Inhibits the action of ADH in chronic SIADH.
Therapeutic use
Bacterial infections (acne, gonorrhea, pertussis and urinary tract infections) caused by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Animal studies indicate possible fetal toxicity (e.g. retardation of skeletal development) and embryotoxicity. Potential hazard to the fetus. May cause discoloration of teeth when used during the second or third trimester. Not recommended during lactation.
Unlabeled use
Treatment of chronic SIADH.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to demeclocycline, tetracyclines, or any component of the formulation. Children <8 years of age. Concurrent use with methoxyflurane. Pregnancy.
Warnings and precautions
Associated with increases in BUN secondary to antianabolic effects (caution in renal impairment). Diabetes insipidus syndrome (polyuria, polydipsia and weakness) reported with long-term therapy (nephrogenic, dose-dependent, and reversible upon discontinuation of drug). Photosensitivity manifested by an exaggerated sunburn reaction or photoallergic reactions may occur. Benign intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri) reported in adults and bulging fontanels in infants. Prolonged use may result in fungal or bacterial superinfection. Caution in hepatic or renal impairment. Avoid use in children ≤8 years of age (may cause tissue hyperpigmentation, enamel hypoplasia, or permanent tooth discoloration). Do not use during pregnancy (retardation of skeletal development and reduced bone growth).