Fluconazole
- Atc Codes:D01AC15#J02AC01
- CAS Codes:86386-73-4
- PHARMGKB ID:86386-73-4
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Toxicological Effects
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Other genes that may be involved
- Inhibits
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Diflucan, Difluzol, Fluconazol, Flucosept, Flucozal, Fungata; Belgium: Candizole, Diflucan, Fluconazol, Fluconazole, Fungimed; Bulgaria: Diflazon, Diflucan, Exomax, Fluconazole, Flucoric, Flucozal, Fungolon, Kandizol, Medoflucon, Mycomax, Micosyst; Cyprus: Dilapan, Fluconazol, Flucozal, Fungustatin, Fungusteril, Gynofloran, Medoflucon, Mycozal, Zidonil; Czech Republic: Diflucan, Fluconazol, Forcan, Mycohexal, Mycomax, Mycosyst; Denmark: Diflucan, Fluconazol; Estonia: Diflazon, Diflucan, Fluconazol, Fluconazole, Medoflucon, Mycomax, Micosyst; Finland: Diflucan, Fluconazol, Fluconazole; France: Beagyne, Fluconazole, Triflucan; Germany: Canex, Canifug Fluco, Con-ac, Diflucan, FlucoAB, Flucobeta, Flucoderm, FlucoLich, Flucon-ac, Fluconazol, FluncoYZ, Flunazul, Fungata; Greece: Azoflu, Azzol-S, Dalrich, Diflucan, Falipan, Farviron, Figalol, Flucalit, Flucanid, Flucocaps-Therapy, Flucodrug, Flucofin, Fluconapen, Fluconazole, Flucoran, Flucovein, Flukatril, Flusenil, Fluzomic, Funadel, Fungo-Verisfield, Fungram, Fungustatin, Fungusteril, Fuxilidin, Gynosant, Hadlinol, Medoflucon, Mycazole, Neomycol, Novoflon, Opumyk, Stabilanol, Tierlite, Varmec, Zidonil; Hungary: Dermyc, Diflazon, Diflucan, Flucohexal, Fluconazol, Fluconazole, Fluconer, Flucoric, Mycosil, Mycosyst, Nofung; Ireland: Byfluc, Canoral, Diflazole, Diflucan, Flucol, Fluconazole; Italy: Alozof, Aviflucox, Diflucan, Dizolo, Elazor, Flucomicin, Fluconazolo, Flukimex, Flumicon, Flumos, Fluores, Fungus, Klaider, Lefunzol, Miconix, Riflax, Trimikos, Which, Zeflun, Zerfun, Zoloder; Latvia: Diflucan, Fluconazol, Fluconazole, Flucorid, Forcan, Mycomax, Mycosyst; Lithuania: Diflazon, Diflucan, Fluconazol, Fluconazole, Flucorid, Fungolon, Mycosyst; Luxembourg: Diflucan; Malta: Diflucan, Fluconazole, Flucozal, Flusenil, Medoflucon; Netherlands: Diflucan, Flucoderm, Fluconazol, Fluconazole; Poland: Diflucan, Flucofast, Flucofungin, Fluconazin, Fluconazol, Fluconazole, Flucorid, Flucowin, Flukonazol, Flumycon, Mycomax, Mycosyst, Zucon; Portugal: Diflucan, Fluconazol, Fludocel, Maxflin; Romania: Diflazon, Diflucan, Fluconazol, Fluconazole, Fluconimed, Flucorid, Flucovim, Fungolon, Medoflucon, Mycomax, Mycosyst; Slovakia: Diflucan, Fluconazol, Fluconazole, Flukonazol, Fungolon, Medoflucon, Mycomax, Mycosyst; Slovenia: Diflazon, Diflucan, Fluconazol, Fluconazole, Flukonazol; Spain: Citiges, Diflucan, Fluconazol, Loitin; Sweden: Diflucan, Fluconazol, Fluconazole, Flukonazol; UK: Canesten Oral Capsule, Diflucan, Fluconazole.
North America
Canada: Diflucan, Fluconazole; USA: Diflucan, Fluconazole.
Latin America
Argentina: Damicol, Femixol, Flucoginkan, Fluconazol, Fluconovag, Fluzol, Fungicil, Fungocina, Fungototal, Honguil Plus, Klonarizol, Micolis Novo, Mutum, Naxo C, Nifurtox, Niofen Oral, Ponaris, Proseda F, Triflucan; Brazil: Candix, Candizol, Floltec, Flucanil, Flucazol, Flucocin, Flucodan, Flucomed, Fluconal, Fluconazol, Fluconeo, Fluconid, Fungnon, Glyflucan, Helmicin-Fluconazol, Pantec, Riconazol, Triazol, Unizol, Zelix, Zolanix, Zolmic, Zoltec, Zoltren; Mexico: Afungil, Bioxel, Diflucan, Difusel, Fectrin, Fharder, Fluconazol, Flucoxan, Fludisol, Flukezol, Fluxes, Fluxicap, Fluzor, Funser, Lanfluzol, Menifar, Neofomiral, Ongicil, Oxifungol, Ranflu, Solarisol, Terplex, Zilrin, Zoldicam.
Asia
Japan: Alnazol, Biskarz, Diflucan, Flanos, Flucard, Fluconamerck, Fluconarl, Fluconazole, Fluconazon, Flurabin, Fluzole, Fulkazil, Fultanzol, Furuzonar, Mycosyst, Nicoazolin.
Drug combinations
Fluconazole and Clotrimazole
Fluconazole and Secnidazole
Fluconazole and Tinidazole
Chemistry
Fluconazole: C~13~H~12~F~2~N~6~O. Mw: 306.27. (1) 1H-1,2,4-Triazole-1-ethanol, 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-; (2) 2,4-Difluoro-1′,1′-bis(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzyl alcohol. CAS-86386-73-4 (1988).
Pharmacologic Category
Antifungals; Azoles. (ATC-Code: D01AC15; J02AC01).
Mechanism of action
Fluconazole, a synthetic triazole derivative, is an azole antifungal agent. It interferes with fungal cytochrome P450 activity (lanosterol 14-α-demethylation), decreasing ergosterol synthesis (principal sterol in fungal cell membrane) and inhibiting cell membrane formation.
Therapeutic use
Fluconazole is used in treatment of oropharyngeal, esophageal, or vulvovaginal candidiasis and in treatment of other serious systemic candidal infections (e.g. urinary tract infections, peritonitis, candidemia, disseminated candidiasis, meningitis, pneumonia). Also used for treatment of meningitis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and for treatment of blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
When used in high doses, fluconazole is teratogenic in animal studies. Use during pregnancy only if potential benefit to mother outweighs any potential risk to fetus. Use not recommended during lactation.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to fluconazole, other azoles, or any component. Concurrent use with astemizole, cisapride, and terfenadine.
Warnings and precautions
Rare exfoliative skin disorders observed. Caution in patients with concomitant medications or conditions which are arrhythmogenic. Serious (rarely fatal) hepatic toxicity (e.g. hepatitis, cholestasis, fulminant failure) observed with azole therapy (use with caution in pre-existing hepatic impairment). Rash (including diffuse rash accompanied by eosinophilia) and pruritus reported. Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which can be fatal, also reported. Use with caution in renal impairment (plasma concentrations are higher and half-life prolonged). Mild, transient increases in serum concentrations of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, GGTP), and bilirubin reported. Anaphylaxis (including angioedema, face edema, and pruritus) reported rarely. Fluconazole should be used with caution in individuals hypersensitive to other azoles. Prolonged QT interval reported with some azoles, including fluconazole. Torsades de pointes reported rarely. Use with caution in potentially proarrhythmic conditions. Superinfection with nonsusceptible fungi (e.g. C. krusei) may occur.