Gemfibrozil
- Atc Codes:C10AB04
- CAS Codes:25812-30-0
- PHARMGKB ID:25812-30-0
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Toxicological Effects
- Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
- Other genes that may be involved
- Substrate of
- Inhibits
- Induces
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Gevilon; Cyprus: Ipolipid, Lipofor; Denmark: Gemfibrozil, Lopid; Finland: Lopid; France: Lipur; Germany: Gemfi, Gevilon, Lipox Gemfi; Greece: Adrotan, Amedran, Antilipid, Cholhepan, Clipostat, Dosamont, Drisofal, Eklipid, Entianthe, Fibrolip, Fibrospes, Gebrozil, Gedizil, Gemfibrozil, Gemfolid, Gemlipid, Gineton, Hobatolex, Leptokin, Lisolip, Lopid, Noxobran, Parnoxil, Prelisin, Renolip, Solulip, Terostrant, Tiazam; Hungary: Innogem, Minilip-Teva; Ireland: Lopid; Italy: Gemfibrozil, Gemlip, Lopid; Luxembourg: Lopid; Netherlands: Gemfibrozil, Lopid; Poland: Gemfibral, Gevilon, Lipozil; Portugal: Gemfibrozil, Lipoite Forte, Lopid; Slovakia: Ipolipid; Slovenia: Elmogan; Spain: Gemfibrozilo, Lopid, Pilder, Trialmin; Sweden: Gemfibrozil, Lopid; UK: Lopid.
North America
Canada: Gemfibrozil, Lopid; USA: Gemfibrozil, Lopid.
Latin America
Argentina: Gedun, Gemfibrozil, Hipolixan, Lopid; Brazil: Genfibrozila, Lopid, Lozil; Mexico: Apo-Fide, Lopid, Raypid.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Gemfibrozil: C~15~H~22~O~3~. Mw: 250.33. (1) Pentanoic acid, 5-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)-2,2-dimethyl-; (2) 2,2-Dimethyl-5-(2,5-xylyloxy)valeric acid. CAS-25812-30-0 (1980).
Pharmacologic Category
Antilipemic Agents; Fibric Acid Derivatives. (ATC-Code: C10AB04).
Mechanism of action
Gemfibrozil can inhibit lipolysis and decrease subsequent hepatic fatty acid uptake as well as inhibit hepatic secretion of VLDL. Together these actions decrease serum VLDL levels. Increases HDL-C.
Therapeutic use
Gemfibrozil is used to reduce risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with type IIb hyperlipoproteinemia without clinical evidence of CHD (primary prevention) who have inadequate response to dietary management, weight loss, exercise, and drugs known to reduce LDL-C and increase HDL-C and who have low HDL-C concentrations in addition to elevated LDL-C and triglycerides. In addition, gemfibrozil is used for treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in types IV and V hyperlipidemia for patients at greater risk for pancreatitis and who have not responded to dietary intervention.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
As the drug has been shown to be tumorigenic in some animals, gemfibrozil should be used during pregnancy only when potential benefits clearly justify possible risks to woman and/or fetus.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to gemfibrozil or any component of the formulation. Significant hepatic or renal dysfunction. Primary biliary cirrhosis. Pre-existing gallbladder disease.
Warnings and precautions
Anemia/leukopenia reported. Might increase risk of cholelithiasis. Elevations in serum transaminases might occur. Possible increased risk of malignancy. Associated with rare myositis or rhabdomyolysis. Use with caution in renal impairment. Use caution with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (may lead to myopathy, rhabdomyolysis). Use with caution in patients taking warfarin. Secondary causes of hyperlipidemia should be ruled out prior to therapy. Use of gemfibrozil has not demonstrated reduction in cardiovascular mortality.