Kanamycin
- Atc Codes:A07AA08#J01GB04#S01AA24
- CAS Codes:25389-94-0#59-01-8
- PHARMGKB ID:25389-94-0#59-01-8
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Drug Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Czech Republic: Kanamycin; France: Kamycine; Germany: Kan-Ophtal, Kana-Stulln, Kanamycin-POS, Kanamytrex; Greece: Ftalin, Italy: Keimicina; Latvia: Kanamycin; Lithuania: Kanamycin; Luxembourg: Kanacyn; Romania: Kanamicina, Kanamycine; Slovakia: Kanamycin.
North America
USA: Kanamycin.
Latin America
Argentina: Cristalomicina; Mexico: Kanapat, Kantrex, Solkan.
Asia
Japan: Kanamycin.
Drug combinations
Kanamycin and Cephalexin
Chemistry
Kanamycin Sulfate: C~18~H~36~N~4~O~11~ H~2~SO~4~. Mw: 582.58. D-Streptamine, O-3-amino-3-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-O-[6-amino-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl (1→4)]-2-deoxy-, sulfate (1:1); CAS-25389-94-0; CAS-59-01-8 (kanamycin).
Pharmacologic Category
Antibacterials; Aminoglycosides. Antimycobacterials; Antituberculosis Agents. (ATC-Code: A07AA08; J01GB04; S01AA24).
Mechanism of action
Interferes with protein synthesis in bacterial cell by binding to ribosomal subunit.
Therapeutic use
Treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of E. coli, Proteus species, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, and Acinetobacter species. Second-line treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Crosses placenta. Several reports of total irreversible bilateral congenital deafness in children whose mothers received streptomycin during pregnancy. Usually compatible with breast-feeding.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to kanamycin, any component of the formulation, or other aminoglycosides. Pregnancy.
Warnings and precautions
May cause nephrotoxicity. May cause neuromuscular blockade and respiratory paralysis, especially when given soon after anesthesia or muscle relaxants. May cause neurotoxicity, ototoxicity. Tinnitus or vertigo may be indications of vestibular injury and impending bilateral irreversible damage (use with caution in pre-existing vertigo, tinnitus, or hearing loss). Prolonged use may result in fungal or bacterial superinfection, including C. difficile-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. Use with caution in hypocalcemia, in pre-existing renal insufficiency, and in neuromuscular disorders, including myasthenia gravis. Avoid long-term use (risk of toxic hazards).