Lomefloxacin

Table of contents

  • Brand Names
  • Chemistry
  • Pharmacologic Category
  • Mechanism of Action
  • Therapeutic Use
  • Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
  • Contraindications
  • Warnings and Precautions
  • Adverse Reactions
  • Toxicological Effects
  • Inhibits
  • Drug Interactions
  • Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
  • Dosage
  • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

Brand Names

Europe

Austria: Okacin; Belgium: Okacin; Cyprus: Okacin; Czech Republic: Okacin; Estonia: Okacin; France: Decalogiflox, Logiflox; Germany: Okacin; Greece: Okacin; Hungary: Okacin; Italy: Chimono, Lomebact, Maxaquin, Okacin, Uniquin; Latvia: Okacin; Luxembourg: Okacin; Malta: Okacin; Poland: Okacin; Portugal: Loransil, Maxaquin, Okacin, Uniquin; Romania: Okacin; Slovakia: Okacin; Spain: Ocacin.

Latin America

Argentina: Okacin; Brazil: Maxaquin; Mexico: Lomacin, Maxaquin.

Asia

Japan: Bareon, Lomebact, Lomeflon.

Drug combinations

Chemistry

Lomefloxacin: C~17~H~19~F~2~N~3~O~3~. Mw: 351.35. (1) 3-Quinolinecarboxylic acid, 1-ethyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-(3-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-, (±)-; (2)(±)-1-Ethyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-(3-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid. CAS-98079-51-7 (1988).

Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride: C~17~H~19~F~2~N~3~O~3~ HCl. Mw: 387.81. 3-Quinolinecarboxylic acid, 1-ethyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-(3-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-, monohydrochloride, (±)-. CAS-98079-52-8 (1988).

Pharmacologic Category

Antibacterials; Quinolones. DNA Gyrase Inhibitor. Fluoroquinolone. Topoisomerase I Inhibitor. (ATC-Code: J01MA07; S01AX17).

Mechanism of action

Inhibits DNA-gyrase in susceptible organisms; thereby inhibits relaxation of supercoiled DNA and promotes breakage of DNA strands. DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) is an essential bacterial enzyme which maintains superhelical structure of DNA and is required for DNA replication and transcription, DNA repair, recombination, and transposition.

Therapeutic use

Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis caused by susceptible Gram-negative organisms. Urinary tract infections (uncomplicated and complicated) caused by susceptible organisms. Surgical prophylaxis (transrectal prostate biopsy or transurethral procedures).

Pregnancy and lactiation implications

Teratogenic effects not reported with norfloxacin in animal studies; however, embryonic loss reported with one species. Lomefloxacin crosses placenta. There are no adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Potential risk to fetus must be balanced against severity of potential illness. Excretion in breast milk unknown (not recommended in nursing women).

Unlabeled use

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to lomefloxacin, any component of the formulation, or other members of the quinolone group (e.g. nalidixic acid, oxolinic acid, cinoxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin). Avoid use in children <18 years of age due to association of other quinolones with transient arthropathies.

Warnings and precautions

CNS stimulation may occur (tremor, restlessness, confusion, and very rarely hallucinations or seizures). Potential for seizures, although very rare, may be increased with concomitant NSAID therapy. Use with caution in individuals at risk of seizures, with known or suspected CNS disorders or renal dysfunction. Use caution to avoid possible photosensitivity reactions during and for several days following fluoroquinolone therapy. Use with caution in renal impairment. Severe hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, occurred with quinolone therapy. If allergic reaction occurs (itching, urticaria, dyspnea or facial edema, loss of consciousness, tingling, cardiovascular collapse), discontinue drug immediately. Prolonged use may result in superinfection; pseudomembranous colitis may occur and should be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea. Rare incidence of peripheral neuropathy documented; discontinue if patient experiences symptoms of neuropathy including pain, burning, tingling, weakness or other sensory abnormalities. Tendon inflammation and/or rupture reported (risk may be increased with concurrent corticosteroids, particularly in the elderly). Quinolones may exacerbate myasthenia gravis; use with caution (rare, potentially life-threatening weakness of respiratory muscles may occur); avoid use in children <18 years of age due to association of other quinolones with transient arthropathies.

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