Miglitol
- Atc Codes:A10BF02
- CAS Codes:72432-03-2
- PHARMGKB ID:72432-03-2
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Inhibits
- Drug Interactions
- Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Austria: Diastabol; Czech Republic: Diastabol; France: Diastabol; Germany: Diastabol; Greece: Diastabol; Hungary: Diastabol; Ireland: Diastabol; Netherlands: Diastabol; Poland: Diastabol; Portugal: Diastabol, Limarcan; Slovakia: Diastabol; Spain: Diastabol, Plumarol; Sweden: Diastabol.
North America
USA: Glyset.
Latin America
Mexico: Diastabol.
Asia
Japan: Seibule.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Miglitol: C~8~H~17~NO~5~. Mw: 207.22. (2R,3R,4R,5S)-1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4,5-piperidinetriol. CAS-72432-03-2 (1990).
Pharmacologic Category
Antidiabetic Agents; α-Glucosidase Inhibitors. (ATC-Code: A10BF02).
Mechanism of action
The antihyperglycemic action of miglitol results from reversible inhibition of membrane-bound intestinal α-glucosidases which hydrolyze oligosaccharides and disaccharides to glucose and other monosaccharides in brush border of small intestine. In diabetes, this enzyme inhibition results in delayed glucose absorption and lowering of postprandial hyperglycemia.
Therapeutic use
Monotherapy adjunct to diet to improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Combination therapy with a sulfonylurea when diet plus either miglitol or a sulfonylurea alone do not result in adequate glycemic control.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Adverse events not reported in animal reproduction studies. Use of oral agents generally not recommended as routine management of gestational diabetes mellitus or type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. Insulin is drug of choice for control of diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. Not recommended during lactation.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to miglitol or any component of the formulation. Diabetic ketoacidosis. Inflammatory bowel disease. Colonic ulceration. Partial intestinal obstruction or predisposition to intestinal obstruction. Chronic intestinal diseases associated with marked disorders of digestion or absorption or with conditions which may deteriorate as result of increased gas formation in intestine.
Warnings and precautions
Gastrointestinal symptoms common. Use with caution in renal impairment (serum creatinine >2 mg/dL). In combination with a sulfonylurea will cause further lowering of blood glucose and may increase hypoglycemic potential of the sulfonylurea.