Nitazoxanide
- Atc Codes:P01AX11
- CAS Codes:55981-09-4
- PHARMGKB ID:55981-09-4
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Drug Interactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
North America
USA: Alinia.
Latin America
Argentina: Nixoran; Brazil: Annita; Mexico: Avisan, Bionit, Daxon, Kidonax, Mitafar, Nitazoxanida, Padovan Ton, Paramix, Rosanil.
Drug combinations
Chemistry
Nitazoxanide: C~12~H~9~N~3~O~5~S. Mw: 307.28. (1) Benzamide, 2-(acetyloxy)-N-(5-nitro-2-thiazolyl)-; (2) N-(5-Nitrothiazol-2-yl)salicylamide acetate ester. CAS-55981-09-4 (2003).
Pharmacologic Category
Miscellanous Antiprotozoals. (ATC-Code: P01AX11).
Mechanism of action
Nitazoxanide is rapidly metabolized to active metabolite tizoxanide in vivo. Activity may be due to interference with pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase enzyme-dependent electron transfer reaction, essential to anaerobic metabolism. In vitro, nitazoxanide and tizoxanide inhibit growth of sporozoites and oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum and trophozoites of Giardia lamblia.
Therapeutic use
Treatment of diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum or Giardia lamblia.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Teratogenic effects not observed in animal studies. There are no adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Excretion in breast milk unknown (use caution).
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to nitazoxanide or any component of the formulation.
Warnings and precautions
Use with caution in hepatic impairment. Safety and efficacy not established in HIV infection. Use with caution in renal impairment.