Nitrofurazone (Nitrofural)
- Atc Codes:B05CA03#D08AF01#D09AA03#P01CC02#S01AX04#S02AA02
- CAS Codes:59-87-0
- PHARMGKB ID:59-87-0
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Genes that may be involved
- Dosage
Brand Names
Europe
Belgium: Furacine; Germany: Furacin; Latvia: Furacilīna; Luxembourg: Furacine; Poland: Akutol, Nitrofurazon; Portugal: Nitrofural, Rayonfur; Spain: Furacin.
North America
USA: Furacin, Nitrofurazone.
Latin America
Argentina: Furacin, Nitrofurazona, Nitromed; Brazil: Furacin, Nitrofural, Sensiderme; Mexico: Nifurol, Nitrofural, Nitrofurazona, Probizal, Vulnizol.
Drug combinations
Nitrofurazone, Streptomycin, and Tyrothricin
Nitrofurazone, Antipyrine, Diphenhydramine, and Ephedrine
Nitrofurazone, Clotrimazole, Streptomycin, and Tyrothricin
Nitrofurazone, Neomycin, Nystatin, and Retinol (Vitamin A)
Chemistry
Nitrofurazone: C~6~H~6~N~4~O~4~. Mw: 198.14. (1) Hydrazinecarboxamide,2-[(5-nitro-2-furanyl)methylene]-; (2) 5-Nitro-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone. CAS-59-87-0.
Pharmacologic Category
Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents; Antibacterials. (ATC-Code: B05CA03; D08AF01; D09AA03; P01CC02; S01AX04; S02AA02).
Mechanism of action
A synthetic topical antibacterial agent unrelated to antibiotics and sulfonamides, with broad spectrum of action.
Therapeutic use
Indicated in bacterial skin infections including pyodermas, infected dermatoses and infections of cuts, wounds, burns and ulcers due to susceptible organisms. Also of value in other conditions such as treatment of skin graft donor sites and otitis externa.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Topical nitrofurazone not studied in pregnant women. Nitrofurazone given to rabbits in oral doses thirty times greater than human dose produced slight increase in number of stillbirths. Unknown whether topical nitrofurazone passes into breast milk.
Unlabeled use
Contraindications
Renal function impairment: polyethylene glycols in base of topical solution and soluble dressing may be absorbed through denuded skin and may not be excreted normally; may lead to increased BUN, anion gap, and metabolic acidosis. Sensitivity to nitrofurazone or other components of the formulation.
Warnings and precautions
Nitrofurazone taken orally should be used with caution in G6PD deficiency due to risk of hemolysis. Not recommended to continue using nitrofurazone when infection cleared. When used in treatment of ear infection, patient should be warned to stop therapy if any signs of irritation or edema of the meatus appear.