Paroxetine

Table of contents

  • Brand Names
  • Chemistry
  • Pharmacologic Category
  • Mechanism of Action
  • Therapeutic Use
  • Unlabeled Use
  • Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
  • Contraindications
  • Warnings and Precautions
  • Adverse Reactions
  • Caution and personalized dose adjustment in patients with the following genotypes
  • Other genes that may be involved
  • Substrate of
  • Inhibits
  • Drug Interactions
  • Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
  • Dosage
  • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
  • Special Considerations

Brand Names

Europe

Austria: Allenopar, Dropax, Ennos, Parocetan, Paroxat, Paroxetin, Seroxat, Stiliden; Belgium: Aropax, Paroxetine, Seroxat; Bulgaria: Depoxat, Paroxat, Paroxetin, Paroxetine, Rexetin, Seroxat, Xetanor; Cyprus: Seroxat; Czech Republic: Apo-Parox, Arketis, Parolex, Paroxetin, Remood, Seroxat; Denmark: Paroxetin, Seroxat; Estonia: Arketis, Paroxetin, Paroxetine, Rexetin, Seroxat; Finland: Optipar, Paroxetin, Seroxat; France: Deroxat, Divarius, Paroxetine; Germany: Aroxetin, Euplix, ParoLich, Paroxalon, Paroxat, Paroxedura, Paroxemis, Paroxetin, Seroxat, Tagonis; Greece: Luxotine, Noprilex, Parolet, Parosat, Paroxetin, Paroxetine, Paroxia, Paxinol, Prexat, Seroxat, Solben, Stiliden, Taberil; Hungary: Apodepi, Arketis, Dropax, Paretin, Parogen, Paroxat, Paroxetin, Rexetin, Serestill, Seroxat; Ireland: Meloxat, Paroser, Parox, Paroxetine, Paxt, Seroxat; Italy: Daparox, Dropaxin, Eutimil, Paroxetina, Serestill, Sereupin, Seroxat, Stiliden; Lithuania: Paroxetin; Luxembourg: Aropax, Seroxat; Netherlands: Paroxetine, Seroxat; Poland: Arketis, Deprozel, Dropax, ParoGen, Paroxetine, Paroxi, Paxtin, Rexetin, Serestill, Seroxat, Winparox, Xetanor; Portugal: Denerval, Dropax, Paroxetina, Paxetil, Seroxat, Stiliden, Zanoxina; Romania: Arketis, Paluxetil, Paroxat, Paroxetin, Paroxetina, Paxetin, Rexetin, Seroxat; Slovakia: Arketis, Paretin, Paroxetin, Seroxat; Slovenia: Paluxon, Paroksetin, Paroxat, Plisil, Seroxat; Spain: Arapaxel, Casbol, Daparox, Frosinor, Motivan, Paroxetina, Serestill, Seroxat, Xetin; Sweden: Arketis, Euplix, Parocetan, Paroxetin, Paroxiflex, Paroxistad, Seroxat; UK: Paroxetine, Seroxat.

North America

Canada: Paroxetine, Paxil; USA: Paroxetine, Paxil, Pexeva.

Latin America

Argentina: Afenexil, Aropax, Dateván, Meplar, Neurotrox, Olane, Pamoxet, Paroxetina, Paxil, Psicoasten, Sicotral, Sostel, Tiarix, Xilanic; Brazil: Aropax, Arotin, Benepax, Cebrilin, Parox, Paroxetina, Paxan, Paxtrat, Pondera, Roxetin; Mexico: Apo-Oxpar, Aropax, Ixicrol, Paxil, Tamcere.

Asia

Japan: Paxil.

Drug combinations

Chemistry

Paroxetine: C~19~H~20~FNO~3~. Mw: 329.37. (1) Piperidine, 3-[(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-, (3S-trans)-; (2)(-)-(3S,4R)-4-(p-Fluorophenyl)-3-[(3,4-methylenedioxy)phenoxy]methyl]piperidine. CAS-61869-08-7 (1989).

Paroxetine Hydrochloride: C~19~H~20~FNO~3~ HCl. Mw: 365.83. (-)-(3S,4R)-4-(p-Fluorophenyl)-3-[(3,4-methylenedioxy)phenoxy]-methyl]piperidine hydrochloride. CAS-78246-49-8.

Paroxetine Mesylate: C~19~H~20~FNO~3~ CH~4~O~4~S. Mw: 441.47. (-)-trans-4R-(4′-Fluorophenyl)-3S-[(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenoxy)methyl]piperidine, mesylate. CAS-217797-14-3 (2003).

Pharmacologic Category

Antidepressants; Selective Serotonin-reuptake Inhibitors. (ATC-Code: N06AB05).

Mechanism of action

Paroxetine is an SSRI. Presumably acts by inhibiting serotonin reuptake from brain synapse stimulating its activity in the brain.

Therapeutic use

Treatment of major depressive disorder. Treatment of panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Obsessive-compulsive disorder. Social anxiety disorder (social phobia). Generalized anxiety disorder. Post-traumatic stress disorder. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder.

Pregnancy and lactiation implications

Crosses placenta. Therapy with paroxetine should be avoided during pregnancy if possible. Caution should be exercised when administering paroxetine to nursing women.

Unlabeled use

May be useful in eating disorders, impulse control disorders, self-injurious behavior. Vasomotor symptoms of menopause. Treatment of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder in children. Treatment of mild dementia-associated agitation in nonpsychotic patients.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to paroxetine or any component of the formulation. Use with or within 14 days of MAOIs. Concurrent use with thioridazine or pimozide.

Warnings and precautions

Antidepressants increase risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults (18-24 years of age) with major depressive disorder and other psychiatric disorders. Paroxetine not FDA approved for use in children. May worsen psychosis or precipitate shift to mania or hypomania in bipolar disorder. Paroxetine not FDA approved for treatment of bipolar depression. Akathisia might occur (usually within first few weeks of therapy). Has low potential for sedation and anticholinergic effects relative to cyclic antidepressants. May impair platelet aggregation resulting in increased risk of bleeding events, particularly if used concomitantly with aspirin, NSAIDs, warfarin or other anticoagulants. Has low potential to impair cognitive or motor performance. May cause or exacerbate sexual dysfunction. SSRIs and SNRIs associated with development of SIADH. Hyponatremia reported rarely, predominately in the elderly. Use with caution in cardiovascular disease, and in hepatic or renal impairment (decreased clearance and increased plasma concentrations). May cause mydriasis which can exacerbate narrow angle glaucoma. Use with caution in previous seizure disorder or condition predisposing to seizures such as brain damage or alcoholism. Concurrent therapy of paroxetine with agents which lower seizure threshold may increase risk of seizure. Use caution with concomitant use of NSAIDs, ASA, or other drugs which affect coagulation (potentiated risk of bleeding), and with concomitant CNS-depressant therapy. Potential for severe reaction when used with MAOIs. Concurrent use with paroxetine contraindicated. Serotonin syndrome may occur with concomitant proserotonergic drugs (e.g. SSRIs, SNRIs, triptans) or agents which reduce metabolism of paroxetine. Concurrent use of serotonin precursors (e.g. tryptophan) not recommended. Concurrent use of paroxetine with thioridazine and pimozide contraindicated (potential for QTc prolongation and arrhythmia). Use caution in elderly patients (increased risk of hyponatremia and other adverse events). Use should be avoided in 1^st^ trimester of pregnancy. May increase risks associated with electroconvulsive therapy. Withdrawal syndrome (including agitation, anxiety, confusion, dizziness, dysphoric mood, emotional lability, headache, hypomania, insomnia, irritability, lethargy, seizures, sensory disturbances, and tinnitus) might occur.

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