Sodium Thiosulfate
- Atc Codes:V03AB
- CAS Codes:10102-17-7#7772-98-7
- PHARMGKB ID:10102-17-7#7772-98-7
Table of contents
- Brand Names
- Drug Combinations
- Chemistry
- Pharmacologic Category
- Mechanism of Action
- Therapeutic Use
- Unlabeled Use
- Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions
- Dosage
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Special Considerations
Brand Names
Europe
Germany: Natriumthiosulfat; Greece: Sodium Thiosulfate.
North America
Canada: Sodium Thiosulfate.
Asia
Japan: Detoxol.
Drug combinations
Sodium Thiosulfate and Sodium Nitrate
Chemistry
Sodium Thiosulfate: Na~2~S~2~O~3~ 5H~2~O. Mw: 248.18. (1) Thiosulfuric acid, disodium salt, pentahydrate; (2) Disodium thiosulfate pentahydrate. CAS-10102-17-7; CAS-7772-98-7 (anhydrous).
Pharmacologic Category
Antifungals, Miscellaneous. Antidotes. (ATC-Code: V03AB).
Mechanism of action
Accelerates clearance of cyanide via rhodanase-catalyzed detoxification of cyanide to thiocyanate (much less toxic than cyanide)(accelerated action of rhodanase is result of exogenous sulfur provided by sodium thiosulfate). Complexes with cisplatin to form compound nontoxic to either normal or cancerous cells. Active against Malassezia furfur (Pityrosporum ovale).
Therapeutic use
Used alone or with sodium nitrite or amyl nitrite in cyanide poisoning; reduction of risk of nephrotoxicity associated with cisplatin therapy. Treatment of cyanide poisoning due to nitroprusside. Treatment of tinea versicolor and acne.
Pregnancy and lactiation implications
Safety not established in pregnant women. Use only when potential benefit to mother outweighs possible risk to fetus.
Unlabeled use
Management of I.V. extravasation.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to sodium thiosulfate or any component.
Warnings and precautions
Rapid I.V. infusion caused transient hypotension and ECG changes in dogs. Can increase risk of thiocyanate intoxication. Use with caution in renal impairment (thiocyanate is eliminated by kidneys). Sodium thiosulfate may be used alone to promote clearance of cyanide. Discontinue topical use if irritation or sensitivity occurs. Collection of pre-treatment blood cyanide concentrations does not preclude administration.