Tranylcypromine

Table of contents

  • Brand Names
  • Drug Combinations
  • Chemistry
  • Pharmacologic Category
  • Mechanism of Action
  • Therapeutic Use
  • Unlabeled Use
  • Pregnancy and Lactation Implications
  • Contraindications
  • Warnings and Precautions
  • Adverse Reactions
  • Genes that may be involved
  • Substrate of
  • Inhibits
  • Drug Interactions
  • Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
  • Dosage
  • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
  • Special Considerations

Brand Names

Europe

Cyprus: Tranylcypromine; Germany: Jatrosom; Ireland: Parnate; Spain: Parnate.

North America

Canada: Parnate; USA: Parnate, Tranylcypromine.

Latin America

Brazil: Parnate.

Drug combinations

Tranylcypromine and Trifluoperazine

Chemistry

Tranylcypromine Sulfate: (C~9~H~11~N)~2~ H~2~SO~4~. Mw: 364.46. (1) Cyclopropanamine, 2-phenyl-, trans-(±)-, sulfate (2:1); (2)(±)-trans-2-Phenylcyclopropylamine sulfate (2:1). CAS-13492-01-8; CAS-155-09-9 (tranylcypromine).

Pharmacologic Category

Antidepressants; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. (ATC-Code: N06AF04).

Mechanism of action

Tranylcypromine increases endogenous concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin through inhibition of enzyme (MAO) responsible for breakdown of these neurotransmitters.

Therapeutic use

Treatment of major depressive episode without melancholia.

Pregnancy and lactiation implications

Use with caution in pregnancy. Enters breast milk (not recommended in nursing women).

Unlabeled use

Post-traumatic stress disorder.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to tranylcypromine, other MAOIs, dibenzazepine derivatives, or any component of the formulation. Cardiovascular disease. Cerebrovascular defect. Headache history. Hepatic disease. Hypertension. Pheochromocytoma. Renal disease. Concurrent use of antihistamines, antiparkinson drugs, antihypertensives, bupropion, buspirone, CNS depressants, dexfenfluramine, dextromethorphan, diuretics, ethanol, meperidine, SSRIs. General anesthesia. Local vasoconstrictors. Spinal anesthesia. Sympathomimetics (and related compounds). Foods high in tyramine content. Supplements containing tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, or caffeine.

Warnings and precautions

Possibility of suicide attempt inherent in major depression and may persist until remission occurs (use caution in high-risk patients during initiation of therapy). Antidepressants increase risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults (18-24 years of age) with major depressive disorder and other psychiatric disorders. Tranylcypromine not FDA approved for treatment of children and adolescents. May worsen psychosis in some patients or precipitate shift to mania or hypomania in bipolar disorder. Monotherapy in bipolar disorder should be avoided. Tranylcypromine not FDA approved for treatment of bipolar depression. Hypertensive crisis may occur with foods/supplements high in tyramine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, or tyrosine content. Use with caution in risk of seizures, including patients with history of seizures, head trauma, brain damage, alcoholism, or concurrent therapy with medications which may lower seizure threshold. May cause orthostatic hypotension, especially at dosages >30 mg/day (use with caution in risk of this effect or in patients who would not tolerate transient hypotensive episodes). Use with caution in diabetes mellitus (sensitization to effects of insulin may occur). Do not use with other MAOIs or antidepressants. Avoid products containing sympathomimetic stimulants or dextromethorphan. Concurrent use with antihypertensive agents may lead to exaggeration of hypotensive effects. Use with caution in glaucoma, and in renal impairment. May increase risks associated with electroconvulsive therapy. Use with caution in hyperthyroidism. Discontinue at least 48 hours prior to myelography.

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