Linezolid

Table of contents

  • Brand Names
  • Chemistry
  • Pharmacologic Category
  • Mechanism of Action
  • Therapeutic Use
  • Contraindications
  • Warnings and Precautions
  • Adverse Reactions
  • Drug Interactions
  • Nutrition/Nutraceutical Interactions
  • Dosage
  • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
  • Special Considerations

Brand Names

Europe

Austria: Zyvoxid; Belgium: Zyvoxid; Bulgaria: Zyvoxid; Cyprus: Zyvoxid; Czech Republic: Zyvoxid; Denmark: Zyvoxid; Estonia: Zyvoxid; Finland: Zyvoxid; France: Zyvoxid; Germany: Zyvoxid; Greece: Antizolid, Zyvoxid; Ireland: Zyvox; Italy: Zyvoxid; Latvia: Zyvoxid; Lithuania: Zyvoxid; Luxembourg: Zyvoxid; Malta: Zyvox; Netherlands: Zyvoxid; Poland: Zyvoxid; Portugal: Zyvoxid; Romania: Zyvoxid; Slovakia: Zyvoxid; Slovenia: Zyvoxid; Spain: Zyvoxid; Sweden: Zyvoxid; UK: Zyvox.

North America

Canada: Zyvoxam; USA: Zyvox.

Latin America

Argentina: Linezolid, Litrecan, Zyvox; Brazil: Zyvox; Mexico: Zyvoxam.

Asia

Japan: Zyvox.

Drug combinations

Chemistry

Linezolid: C~16~H~20~FN~3~O~4~. Mw: 337.35. (1) Acetamide, N-[[3-[3-fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl]methyl]-, (S)-; (2) N-[[(S)-3-(3-Fluoro-4-morpholinophenyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl]methyl]acetamide. CAS-165800-03-3 (1997).

Pharmacologic Category

Miscellaneous Antibacterials; Oxazolidinones. Oxazolidinone Antibiotic. (ATC-Code: J01XX08).

Mechanism of action

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to bacterial 23S ribosomal RNA of 50S subunit. Bacteriostatic against enterococci and staphylococci and bactericidal against most strains of streptococci.

Therapeutic use

Treatment of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) infections, nosocomial pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus including MRSA or Streptococcus pneumoniae (including multidrug-resistant strains), complicated and uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections (including diabetic foot infections without concomitant osteomyelitis), and community-acquired pneumonia caused by susceptible Gram-positive organisms.

Pregnancy and lactiation implications

Unlabeled use

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to linezolid or any other component of the formulation.

Warnings and precautions

Lactic acidosis reported. Myelosuppression reported (use with caution in pre-existing myelosuppression, in patients receiving other drugs which may cause bone marrow suppression, or in chronic infection). Peripheral and optic neuropathy (with vision loss). Prolonged use may result in fungal or bacterial superinfection, including C. difficile-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. Use with caution in carcinoid syndrome, in uncontrolled hypertension, in untreated hyperthyroidism, and in pheochromocytoma. Seizures reported (use with caution in history of seizures). Serotonin syndrome (symptoms of agitation, confusion, hallucinations, hyper-reflexia, myoclonus, shivering, and tachycardia) might occur with concomitant proserotonergic drugs (e.g. SSRIs/SNRIs or triptans) or agents which reduce metabolism of linezolid. Oral suspension contains phenylalanine. Exhibits mild MAOI properties and has potential to display the same interactions as other MAOIs.

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